The hallmark of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) adhesion to cultured human host cells is intimate attachment and the formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. Recently, EHEC O157:H7 was shown to induce A/E lesions on human intestinal explants. Unlike EPEC, which colonized the small intestine, EHEC adhesion was restricted to follicle-associa...

Parameter-based facial animation is now a mature technology, and has also been included in the MPEG4 standard. To make this technology available on the Web, the authors have developed a Java port of the FAE facial animation software created at DIST. While showing an acceptable performance reduction with respect to the original FAE, the Java version is considerably more flexible, since it can be...

In this work the effect of the accuracy of a FAE detonation modeling on the generated blast wave is investigated. First, a one-dimensional numerical simulation with a reduced chemical kinetics of C2H2-O2-Ar, involving 25 elementary reactions, is used as the base model. The properties of the blast calculated with this model is compared with those of simpler models, the similarity solution of Tay...

An alternative in vitro model of human follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) to study nanoparticle transport mechanisms by M cells was developed and characterized. The previous in vitro model of human FAE has been improved by inverting inserts after Caco-2 cell seeding. Raji and M cells were identified only in inverted co-culture cell monolayers by immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and ...

IST project INTERFACE aims at improving user interaction with web-based applications by following a “man in the machine” metaphor. Computer-animated characters will be used, acting as virtual consultants, clerks, or teachers. Parameter-based facial animation is now a mature technology, and has also been included in the MPEG4 standard. To make this technology available on the Web, the authors ha...

Contrary to previous understanding, recent evidence indicates that synonymous codon changes may sometimes face strong selection. However, it remains difficult to generalize the nature, strength, and mechanism(s) of such selection. Previously, we showed that synonymous variants of a key enzyme-coding gene (fae) of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 decreased enzyme production and reduced fitness dr...

Prenatal exposure to beverage alcohol is a major cause of mild mental retardation and developmental delay. In nonendangered alcohol-preferring vervet monkeys, we modeled the most common nondysmorphic form of fetal alcohol syndrome disorder with voluntary drinking during the third trimester of pregnancy. Here, we report significant numerical reductions in the principal hippocampal neurons of fet...

M cells in follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) are specialized antigen-sampling cells that take up intestinal luminal antigens. Transcription factor Spi-B regulates M-cell maturation, but the molecules that promote transcytosis within M cells are not fully identified. Here we show that mouse allograft inflammatory factor 1 (Aif1) is expressed by M cells and contributes to M-cell transcytosis. ...

1.1 FAE a need in nowadays everyday forensic practice Forensic Age Estimation (FAE) defines an expertise in forensic medicine which aims to define in the most accurate way the chronological age of person of an unknown age involved in judicial or legal proceedings. The term “estimation” defines more precisely than other as “diagnosis” the real limits inherent to this expertise. The state of the ...