Consider an information diffusion process on a graph G that starts with k>0 burnt vertices, and at each subsequent step, burns the neighbors of currently as well k other unburnt vertices. The k-burning number is minimum steps bk(G) such all vertices can be burned within steps. Note last step may have smaller than available, where them are burned. 1-burning coincides well-known burning problem, ...

The activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) has been studied with H(2)O(2) and various reducing substrates. The activity decreased in the order pyrogallol>ascorbate>guaiacol>2, 2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS). The inactivation of APX with H(2)O(2) as the sole substrate was studied. The number of H(2)O(2) molecules required for maximal inactivation of the enzyme was d...

Fe deficiency causes significant losses to crop productivity and quality. To understand better the mechanisms of plant responses to Fe deficiency, we used an in vitro cotton ovule culture system. We found that Fe deficiency suppressed the development of ovules and fibers, and led to tissue browning. RNA-seq analysis showed that the myo-inositol and galacturonic acid pathways were activated and ...

Given a set P of n points in the plane, Covering Points by Lines is the problem of finding a minimum-cardinality set L of lines such that every point p ∈ P is incident to some line l ∈ L. As a geometric variant of Set Cover, Covering Points by Lines is still NP-hard. Moreover, it has been proved to be APX-hard, and hence does not admit any polynomial-time approximation scheme unless P = NP. In ...

Previously we reported (R.T. Mullen, C.S. Lisenbee, J.A. Miernyk, R.N. Trelease [1999] Plant Cell 11: 2167-2185) that overexpressed ascorbate peroxidase (APX), a peroxisomal membrane protein, sorted indirectly to Bright Yellow-2 cell peroxisomes via a subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; peroxisomal endoplasmic reticulum [pER]). More recently, a pER-like compartment also was identified i...