One hundred E. coli isolates from Norway (n = 37), Sweden (n = 24), UK (n = 20) and Spain (n = 19), producing CTX-M-type - (n = 84), or SHV-12 (n = 4) extended spectrum β-lactamases, or the plasmid mediated AmpC, CMY-2 (n = 12), were typed using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and multi-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Isolates clustered into 33 Sequence Types (STs) an...

BACKGROUND Information on the genotypic diversity of Coxiella burnetii isolates from infected domestic ruminants in Spain is limited. The aim of this study was to identify the C. burnetii genotypes infecting livestock in Northern Spain and compare them to other European genotypes. A commercial real-time PCR targeting the IS1111a insertion element was used to detect the presence of C. burnetii D...

A multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) using six microsatellite markers was assessed in 127 Candida glabrata isolates. Thirty-seven different genotypes, stable both in vitro and in vivo, were observed. The highest discriminatory power (D = 0.902) was reached by using only four markers. MLVA seems to be relevant for C. glabrata typing.

Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) is used for source tracking Escherichia coli O157:H7 in agricultural environments. Tandem repeats were stable after limited replication but changed after exposure to irradiation, elevated temperatures, and starvation conditions. The pO157 plasmid was frequently lost under these stress conditions. Environmental stresses may increase phylog...

Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) of 316 Bordetella pertussis isolates collected over 40 years from Australia and 3 other continents identified 66 MLVA types (MTs), including 6 predominant MTs. Typing of genes encoding acellular vaccine antigens showed changes that may be vaccine driven in 2 MTs prevalent in Australia.

AIM The aims of this study were to characterize Iranian Shigella sonnei strains isolated from pediatric cases and evaluate the utility of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) for genotyping of local S. sonnei strains. BACKGROUND S.  sonnei has become the dominant species in certain parts of Iran. Although PFGE is still a gold standard for genotyping and source track...

We used multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and pagA sequencing to genotype a Bacillus anthracis isolate from a fatal case of human anthrax in Hong Kong. The isolate has a unique MLVA genotype, is related to the Sterne and Ames strains, and is consistent with genotypes identified in China.

Although pertussis disease is vaccine preventable, Washington State experienced a substantial rise in pertussis incidence beginning in 2011. By June 2012, the reported cases reached 2,520 (37.5 cases per 100,000 residents), a 1,300% increase compared with the same period in 2011. We assessed the molecular epidemiology of this statewide epidemic using 240 isolates collected from case patients re...

The rickettsial bacterium Ehrlichia ruminantium is the causative agent of heartwater, a serious tick-borne disease in ruminants. The genetic diversity of organisms in the field will have implications for cross-protective capacities of any vaccine developed, and for an effective vaccine design strategy proper genotyping and understanding of existing genetic diversity in the field is necessary. W...

From 2005 to 2007, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) strains were isolated from cattle, goats and pigs samples collected at the Bodija abattoir and from human samples from tuberculosis patients and livestock traders at the Akinyele cattle market in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. Seventy four isolates obtained from humans (24) and livestock (50) were identified as MTC strains. Thirty two i...