OBJECTIVES Estrogen (E2) has neuroprotective effects on blood-brain-barrier (BBB) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In order to investigate the roles of estrogen receptors (ERs) in these effects, ER-α antagonist (MPP) and, ER-β antagonist (PHTPP), or non-selective estrogen receptors antagonist (ICI 182780) were administered. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ovariectomized rats were divided into 10 gro...

Stimulatory heterotrimeric G protein (Gs) transduces signals from various cell-surface receptors to adenylyl cyclases, which generate cAMP. The alpha subunit of Gs (Gsalpha) is encoded by GNAS (Gnas in mice), and heterozygous Gsalpha inactivating mutations lead to Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. The in vivo role of Gsalpha in skeletogenesis is largely unknown, because of early embryonic let...

The heavy-ion inelastic scattering of the neutron-rich nucleus 29Ne to its excited states was studied using a 100.1 MeV/u rare isotope beam on 181Ta and 9Be targets. combined setup consisting GRETINA array, TRIPLEX device S800 Spectrograph facilitates simultaneous measurements two reactions, providing first measurement transition strengths for this isotope. A sizable E2 strength B(E2↑) which am...

The female estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2) enhances pancreatic β-cell function via estrogen receptors (ERs). However, the risk of hormone dependent cancer precludes the use of general estrogen therapy as a chronic treatment for diabetes. To target E2 to β-cells without the undesirable effects of general estrogen therapy, we created fusion peptides combining active or inactive glucagon-like peptide-...

Our aim was to assess the impact of the association between elevated oestradiol (E2) and low testosterone (T) levels on erectile dysfunction (ED) severity. A total of 614 male patients with ED and a normal or low T level in association with normal or elevated E2 levels were enrolled. Patients underwent routine laboratory investigations in addition to measurements of total T, total E2, follicle-...

BACKGROUND The decreased incidence of coronary artery disease observed in postmenopausal women given estrogen (E2) replacement demonstrates an atheroprotective effect of E2 that is generally believed to be mediated by indirect, E2-induced changes in cardiovascular risk factor profiles. We hypothesized that the atheroprotective effect of E2 may be in part mediated by a direct effect of E2 on vas...

background: the purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of progesterone/ estradiol (p4/e2) ratio as a predictive tool for clinical pregnancy in art cycles with a premature progesterone rise of >1.5 ng/ml on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) trigger. methods: retrospective analysis was done on 569 fresh embryo transfer cycles from january 2011 to december 2012 at the infertilit...

Neonatal administration of estradiol-17beta (E2-17beta) increases the nuclear DNA content in the mouse reproductive tract. Similar responses have been demonstrated for synthetic estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol. One of the questions raised regarding environmental estrogens such as organochlorines is whether they are potent enough to result in abnormal changes such as those demonstrated by b...

The human papillomavirus (HPV) E2 protein regulates viral gene expression and is also required for viral replication. HPV-transformed cells often contain chromosomally integrated copies of the HPV genome in which the viral E2 gene is disrupted. We have shown previously that re-expression of the HPV 16 E2 protein in HPV 16-transformed cells results in cell death via apoptosis. Here we show that ...

MCF-7 breast tumor cells form multicellular foci in vitro when supplemented with 17 beta-estradiol (E2). In the presence of E2 and the aryl hydrocarbon-receptor agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), MCF-7 cells grow to confluence but do not form foci. To investigate the role of E2 metabolism in this antiestrogenic effect of TCDD, analyses were performed by capillary GC/MS. The res...