Abstract. Soil moisture (SM) plays a critical role in the water and energy cycles of Earth system; consequently, long-term SM product with high quality is urgently needed. In this study, five products, including one microwave remote sensing – European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) four reanalysis data sets Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis Interim...

This paper studies the 11-year solar cycle signal in Earth’s surface using historical datasets and the surface evidence is further supported by the zonal mean vertical profile using ERA-Interim and previously archived model simulations. The authors present many surface and zonal mean quantities that are composited between high and low solar years. Although majority of the results presented here...

After the release of ERA-Interim reanalysis, many changes have been made to Integrated Forecasting System model and data-assimilation system, resulting in an improved ERA5. One allows version ERA5 represent moisture sensitivity deep convection more realistically than ERA-Interim. A previous modeling study showed that this change alone representation tropical atmosphere, e.g. variability precipi...

In this study, we compare the diurnal variation in stratospheric ozone of MACC (Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate) reanalysis, ECMWF Reanalysis Interim (ERA-Interim), free-running WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model). The results from photochemical dynamical processes depending on altitude, latitude, season. reanalysis use similar chemistry modules calculate a cycle whe...