Plastic resin pellets (small granules 0.1-0.5 centimeters in diameter) are widely distributed in the ocean all over the world. They are an industrial raw material for the plastic industry and are unintentionally released to the environment both during manufacturing and transport. They are sometimes ingested by seabirds and other marine organisms, and their adverse effects on organisms are a con...

Pseudospectral approximation reduces DDE (delay differential equations) to ODE (ordinary equations). Next one can use tools perform a numerical bifurcation analysis. By way of an example we show that this yields efficient and reliable method qualitatively as well quantitatively analyse certain DDE. To substantiate the method, next structure approximating is reminiscent generator translation alo...

DKLAG6 is a FORTRAN 77 code widely used to solve delay differential equations (DDEs). Like all the popular Fortran DDE solvers, new users find it formidable and in many respects, it is not easy to use. We have applied our experience writing DDE solvers in Matlab and the capabilities of Fortran 90 to the development of a friendly Fortran DDE solver. How we accomplished this may be of interest to...

The prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in the permanent dentition in developed countries has been reported to be in the range of 9–68 % and with no gender predilection. Several etiological factors have been implicated as being responsible for DDE in the permanent teeth. Although local, systemic, genetic or environmental factors have been attributed to DDE frequently they are li...

We consider a switching system with time delay composed of a finite number of linear delay differential equations (DDEs). Each DDE consists of a sum of a linear ODE part and a linear DDE part. We study two particular cases: (a) all the ODE parts are stable and (b) all the ODE parts are unstable and determine conditions for delay independent stability. For case (a), we extend a standard result o...

Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are frequently observed. In both pediatric and orthodontic dental practices. DDE consist mainly of hypoplasia, diffuse and demarcated opacities.1 Often, a combination of enamel defects may be recognized in the same child (Fig. 1). Weerheijm et al. defined the term Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) to describe a more specific pattern of DDE: hypomineral...

Levels of organochlorine compounds in the blood plasma of after-second-year female peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) were determined from samples collected from southern Greenland in 1985 and western Greenland from 1983 to 1989, and from adult and nestling gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) from western Greenland in 1989 and 1990. Samples were taken during nesting. Levels of p,p'-DDE (DDE) in per...

The doctrine of double effect (DDE) is a moral principle that distinguishes between harm we cause as a means to an end and harm that we cause as a side-effect. As a purely descriptive matter, the DDE is well established that it describes a consistent feature of human moral judgment. There are, however, several rival theories of its psychological cause. I review these theories and consider their...

BACKGROUND Early-life chemical exposure may influence immune system development, subsequently affecting child health. We investigated immunomodulatory potentials of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p,p'-DDE in infants. METHODS Prenatal exposure to PCBs and p,p'-DDE was estimated from maternal serum concentrations during pregnancy. Postnatal exposure was calculated from concentrations of t...