N4-lattices are the algebraic semantics of paraconsistent Nelson logic, which was introduced in [1] as an inconsistency-tolerant counterpart of the better-known logic of Nelson [7, 13]. Paraconsistent Nelson logic combines interesting features of intuitionistic, classical and many-valued logics (e.g., Belnap-Dunn four-valued logic); recent work has shown that it can also be seen as one member o...

Deprotection of methylphosphonate oligonucleotides with ethylenediamine was evaluated in a model system. Methylphosphonate sequences of the form 5'-TTTNNTTT, where N was either N4-bz-dC, N4-ibu-dC, N2-ibu-O6-DPC-dG, N2-ibu-dG, N6-bz-dA, or T, were used to determine the extent of modifications that occur during deprotection. Up to 15% of N4-bz-dC was found to transaminate at the C4 position when...

Potassium currents were measured using the three-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique in rat omohyoid muscle at temperatures from 1 to 37°C . The currents were fitted according to the Hodgkin-Huxley equations as modified for K currents in frog skeletal muscle (Adrian et al ., 1970x) . The equations provided an approximate description of the time course of activation, the voltage dependence of...

STAT6 participates in classical IL-4/IL-13 signaling and stimulator of interferon genes-mediated antiviral innate immune responses. Aberrations in STAT6-mediated signaling are linked to development of asthma and diseases of the immune system. In addition, STAT6 remains constitutively active in multiple types of cancer. Therefore, targeting STAT6 is an attractive proposition for treating related...

Unlike other characterized phages, the lytic coliphage N4 must inject the 360-kDa virion RNA polymerase (vRNAP), in addition to its 72-kbp genome, into the host for successful infection. The process of adsorption to the host sets up and elicits the necessary conformational changes in the virion to allow genome and vRNAP injection. Infection of suppressor and nonsuppressor strains, Escherichia c...

The Fe/N/C catalysts have emerged recently as a representative class of non-Pt catalysts for oxygen electrocatalytic reduction, which could have a competitive catalytic performance to Pt. However, the nature of the catalyst remains elusive, especially on the active site structure and the electrocatalytic kinetics. Here we examine two kinds of Fe/N active sites for Fe/N/C catalysts, namely, the ...

The title compound, [Ag(qPyr)2]CF3SO3 where qPyr = 1-(quinoline-2-yl-methyl-ene)amino-pyrene, C26H16N2, was synthesized from a reaction of silver tri-fluoro-methane-sulfonate and qPyr in di-chloro-methane-methanol mixed media. In this design, the qPyr ligand was chosen for its characteristic excitation and emission profiles, which could enable the tracking of the silver complex within biologica...

Gene silencing by siRNA (synthetic dsRNA of 21-25 nucleotides) is a well established biological tool in gene expression studies and has a promising therapeutic potential for difficult-to-treat diseases. Five fatty acids of various chain length and oxidation state (C12:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C22:1) were conjugated to the naturally occurring polyamine, spermine, and evaluated for siRNA delivery ...