The D2-class of dopamine receptors (D2, D3, and D4) is a target for typical and atypical neuroleptic drugs. They have been considered, therefore, as factors that may contribute to the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders. Interestingly, in cortical brain tissues obtained postmortem form patients with chronic schizophrenia D3 mRNA was found to be significantly lower than in the corresponding a...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the toxic effects of higher doses (1,00,000 IU i.e. 2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW)) of vitamin D3, concomitantly with bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides: LPS) to study the immunomodulatory potential of vitamin D3 in IBL-80 broiler chicks. The chicks were divided into four groups [group I (NSS), group II (LPS), group III (Vit. D3 + NSS), and gro...

Background: Vitamin D deficiencies are highly prevalent globally, but the correlation between serum alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D3 deficiency among Indian children is seldom investigated. To describe the correlation of vitamin D3 levels and serum alkaline phosphatase levels among children admitted with malnutrition to the pediatric wards of a tertiary care center. Methods: This descriptiv...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic autoimmune disease with unknown etiology affecting the central nervous system. the prevalence of ms is highest where environmental supplies of vitamin d are lowest. some studies have shown a strong protective effect of vitamin d3 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) a model of ms. however, it is not known whether vitamin d3 has a ...

1. The term vitamin D is used for a range of closely related steroid compounds which possess the property of preventing or curing vitamin D deficiency. These include alfacalcidol (1α-hydroxyvitamin D3), calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), calcitriol (1α,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D3), cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), dihydrotachysterol and ergocalciferol (vitamin D2 or calciferol). In veterinary medicin...

To evaluate the role of vitamin D3 during gestation and lactation of sows, 2 independent experiments were performed with the aim of investigating sow reproductive performance, milk composition (study 1 only), and changes in blood status of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3), 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2-D3; study 2 only), minerals, and bone markers of sows during gestation and la...

The absorption of simultaneously administered equimolar doses of 14C vitamin D3 and 3H 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D3) has been studied in controls and patients with a variety of gastrointestinal disorders. As assessed from peak radioactivity in the serum and from faecal excretion of radioactivity, malabsorption of both vitamin D3 and 25-OH-D3 occurred in patients with steatorrhoea. Malabsorpti...

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 is believed to mediate the regulation of calcium metabolism by a steroid hormone receptor mechanism. We now demonstrate that phosphorylation of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor occurs rapidly in embryonic chick duodenal organ culture in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Phosphorylation of the receptor is strongly induced within 1 h by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 a...

We describe a patient with early diagnosed cystinosis who presented with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in addition to proximal tubular dysfunction. Another feature in this patient was abnormally low serum concentration of 24,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 (24,25(OH)2D3) with normal 25 hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and relatively low 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3).