Building on the work of Daniely et al. (STOC 2014, COLT 2016), we study the connection between computationally efficient PAC learning and refutation of constraint satisfaction problems. Specifically, we prove that for every concept class P, PAC-learning P is polynomially equivalent to “random-right-hand-side-refuting” (“RRHS-refuting”) a dual class P∗, where RRHS-refutation of a class Q refers ...

The atomization characteristics of 4 handheld sprayers (Leco P-1, Colt ULV Aerosol Generator, ULVAFAN MK2, Turbair ElectraFan 12) and a Stih1 SR400 backpack sprayer were evaluated with the use of water- and oil-based solutions. The effects on droplet-size spectrum (i.e., droplet size) for 3 insecticides (Tempo SC Ultra, Anvil 10+10, and Aqua-Reslin) were also evaluated. Generic solutions were u...

A 3-year-old Arabian colt was presented for a major gingiva wound at the right rostral part of mandible. After clinical assessments, rostral mandibular fracture was determined. Stabilization of fractured region was achieved via cerclage wire application under general anesthesia. Fixation wires were left in place for 6 weeks. A 3 -month follow up revealed complete fracture healing. The purpose o...

We present an efficient second-order algorithm with Õ( 1 η √ T ) regret for the bandit online multiclass problem. The regret bound holds simultaneously with respect to a family of loss functions parameterized by η, for a range of η restricted by the norm of the competitor. The family of loss functions ranges from hinge loss (η = 0) to squared hinge loss (η = 1). This provides a solution to the ...