objective: this study was planned to investigate whethercoriandrum sativum (c. sativum) is capable of protecting neurons against glucose/serum deprivation (gsd)-induced cytotoxicity. material and methods: the pc12 cells were cultivated for 24 h in standard media (high-glucose dmem containing fetal bovine serum) or for 6 h in gsd condition (glucose-free dmem, without serum) in the absence or pre...

انتقال ویروس کرونا به داخل سلول از طریق اسپایک‌های انجام می‌شود پس یکی بهترین راه‌های مقابله با سلول‌های بدن، ایجاد اختلال در روند عملکرد است. بنابراین این تحقیق، چگونگی جذب و انرژی پرتوهای رادیواکتیو سارس کووید2، مرس کووید، یوکی کووید توسط ابزار جینت4- دی اِن اِی شبیه‌سازی شده نتایج حاصل پرتودهی اسپایک‌ها یکدیگر مقایسه آن‌جایی که عوامل کاهش ماندگاری می‌باشد، پژوهش سعی است اسپایک ویروس­‌ها به‌وسی...

Introduction: The Serum/Glucose deprivation -induced cell death in cultured PC12 cells represents a useful in vitro model for the study of brain ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders. Nigella sativa L. has been known as a source of antioxidants. To elucidate the neuroprotective actions of N. sativa extract in vitro, we studied the effect of N. sativa extract on cultured PC12 cells under s...

The rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line is one of the traditional models for the study of neurite outgrowth and growth cone behavior. To clarify to what extent PC12 neurite terminals can be compared to neuronal growth cones, we have analyzed their morphology and protein distribution in fixed PC12 cells by immunocytochemistry. Our results show that that PC12 cells display a special kind ...

MAP2 plays a vital role in PC12 cell differentiation, expecialy the length of the synapse and the formation of microtubules. Here, NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) and OGD (oxygen-glucose deprivation) was used to stimulate PC12 cells, and convert them into neurons to establish an ischemia in vitro model. In order to further find MAP2 expression in PC12 cells. Immunocytochemical analysis and western bl...

Tyro3 and Axl, two members of the TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases, play important regulatory roles in a variety of tissues, including the central nervous, reproductive, immune, and vascular systems. We have found that expression of Tyro3 and Axl on PC12 cells is upregulated by nerve growth factor (NGF). PI3K inhibitor LY294002, which is known to inhibit NGF-induced PC12 differentiation,...

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) neurons kill adjacent neurons through the action of NMDA-glutamate receptor activation, although they remain relatively resistant to the toxic effects of NMDA and NO. The molecular basis of the resistance of nNOS neurons to toxic insults is unknown. To begin to understand the molecular mechanisms of the resistance of nNOS neurons, we developed a pheochromac...

Conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor protects and rescues dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in vivo, but its potential value in treating Parkinson's disease remains controversial. Here, we used the proteasome inhibitors lactacystin and MG132 to induce neurodegeneration of PC12 cells. Afterwards, conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor was administrated as a therapeuti...

The PC12 pheochromocytoma cell line responds to NGF by undergoing growth arrest and proceeding to differentiate toward a neuronal phenotype. Among the early genetic events triggered by NGF in PC12 cells are the rapid activation of the zinc finger transcription factor Egr1/NGFI-A, and a slightly delayed induction of NAB2, a corepressor that inhibits Egr1 transcriptional activity. We found that s...

Activated microglia can phagocytose dying, stressed, or excess neurons and synapses via the phagocytic receptor Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK). Galectin-3 (Gal-3) can cross-link surface glycoproteins by binding galactose residues that are normally hidden below terminal sialic acid residues. Gal-3 was recently reported to opsonize cells via activating MerTK. We found that LPS-activated BV-2 microgl...