wnloaded DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system provides critical genetic housekeeping, and its failure is ased with tumorigenesis. Through distinct domains on the DNA MMR proteins, the system recognizes pairs errors occurring during DNA synthesis, but signals apoptosis when the DNA damage cannot aired. Certain missense mutations in the MMR genes can selectively alter just one of these functions. ffe...

BACKGROUND We present a quick and easy method to perform quantitatively accurate PET scans of typical water-filled PET plastic shell phantoms on the Siemens Biograph mMR PET/MR system. We perform regular cross-calibrations (Xcal) of our PET systems, including the PET/MR, using a Siemens mCT water phantom. LONG-TERM STABILITY The mMR calibration stability was evaluated over a 3-year period whe...

In countries where routine varicella vaccination is implemented, it is usually given at the same age as that recommended for measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination. A combined multivalent measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine would offer the convenience of a single injection and facilitate implementation of varicella vaccination into routine childhood immunisation schedules. We evalua...

We have reported that transfer of chromosome 3 (Chr3) containing a single wild-type copy of the hMLH1 gene into HCT116 colon cancer cells, a cell line deficient in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) activity attributable to inactivating hMLH1 mutations, corrects all of the aspects of the MMR repair-deficient phenotype. We inhibited the expression of the wild-type hMLH1 gene using antisense RNA in HCT116...

We have reported that transfer of chromosome 3 (Chr3) containing a single wild-type copy of the hMLH1 gene into HCT116 colon cancer cells, a cell line deficient in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) activity attributable to inactivating hMLH1 mutations, corrects all of the aspects of the MMR repair-deficient phenotype. We inhibited the expression of the wild-type hMLH1 gene using antisense RNA in HCT116...

BACKGROUND MMR vaccine has been reported to cause gait disturbance, and this possible association has been claimed to support the MMR-causes-autism theory. AIMS To determine whether any association between gait disturbance and MMR vaccination exceeds the age related background rate of gait disturbance, using record linkage and self control case series analyses. METHODS MMR vaccination recor...

The measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination was first introduced in the UK in 1988 [1]. Since then, cases of measles, mumps and rubella has steadily declined to very low rates [2]. Prior to its UK introduction, MMR has been in regular used in the US since 1972 and Scandinavia since 1982 [3] plus a number of European countries have adopted its usage. The wealth of experience that exists glo...

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is an important replication error avoidance mechanism that prevents mutation. The association of defective MMR with familial and sporadic gastrointestinal and endometrial cancer has been acknowledged for some years. More recently, it has become apparent that MMR defects are common in acute myeloid leukaemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS) that follows successful che...

Mismatch repair (MMR) proteins contribute to genome integrity by correcting replication errors. In higher eukaryotes, MMR proteins also regulate the cellular response to DNA lesions such as oxidized, alkylated, or crosslinked bases. Previous studies have linked MMR proteins to the activation of apoptosis through p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms. MMR-deficient cells exhibit variable ...

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a hypermutable phenotype that usually arises from either a germline mutation in components of the mismatch repair (MMR) machinery (i.e. hMLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2) in patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) or somatic hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter in sporadic carcinomas. In all colorectal cancers (CRC) is possible to identify the MMR deficiency through pro...