The complete scattering matrix S of spheres was measured with a flow cytometer. The experimental equipment allows simultaneous detection of two scattering-matrix elements for every sphere in the distribution. Two-parameter scatterplots with x and y coordinates determined by the S(ll) + S(ij) and S(ll)-S(ij) values are measured. Samples of spheres with very narrow size distributions (< 1%) were ...

PURPOSE Monte Carlo methods based on the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) have previously been used to model light transport in powdered-phosphor scintillator screens. Physically motivated guesses or, alternatively, the complexities of Mie theory have been used by some authors to provide the necessary inputs of transport parameters. The purpose of Part II of this work is to: (i) validate pred...

It is estimated that one third of patients with seizures have medically intractable epilepsy (MIE) – defined as failure of two antiepileptic medications given at appropriate doses1,2. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of MIE. The most frequent pathologic substrate related to this condition is sclerosis and atrophy of the hippocampus – disease named mesial temporal sclerosis (...

We investigate optical torques over absorbent negative refractive index spherical scatterers under the influence of linear and circularly polarized TEM(00) focused Gaussian beams, in the framework of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory with the integral localized approximation. The fundamental differences between optical torques due to spin angular momentum transfer in positive and negative refra...

Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan Department of Rheumatology, The Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China Immunology Program, Department of Path...

Narrow angle light scattering measurements were made for various sizes of spherical particles suspended in water. These were compared to calculated theoretical scattering values as derived from the theory of Mie (1908). Through measurements with different particle concentrations at angles between 0.2 degrees and 0.7 degrees the effect of the unscattered main beam light was removed. Results agre...

Double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLET) anaesthesia is the commonly used method in minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIE). However, DLET intubation does have its disadvantages. Firstly, the placement of the DLET needs a skilled anaesthetist with familiarity of the technique and subsequent ability to perform a fibre-optic bronchoscopy for confirmation. Secondly, DLET intubation and one-lung venti...

The threshold region mean squared error (MSE) performance of the Capon-MVDR algorithm is predicted via an adaptation of an interval error based method referred to herein as the method of interval errors (MIE). MIE requires good approximations of two quantities: (i) interval error probabilities, and (ii) the algorithm asymptotic (SNR→ ∞) MSE performance. Exact pairwise error probabilities for th...

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is a complex operation, and the detailed optimal surgical procedure has not been well described. Our aim was to evaluate use of a simple method of laparoscopic gastric tube construction as minimally invasive surgery for patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 26 consecutive patients who underwent MIE for...