background: cryptosporidiosis is a common coccidian parasite infection in patients with diarrhea that has worldwide distribution especially in developed countries. therefore,the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of cryptosporidium infection in patients with gastroenteritis admitted to hospitals of mazandaran university of medical sciences by parasitological and molecular methods...

tomato is an important vegetable crop in iran. recently symptoms associated with phytoplasma disease were observed in tomato cultivars in karaj vicinity. the phytoplasmas were detected and characterized using single-tube nested pcr and rflp. the universal primer pairs amplified the target dna with expected sizes from symptomatic samples in direct pcr and single-tube nested pcr. the patterns of ...

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an etiologic agent of respiratory tract infections. In this study, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of real-time reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), conventional RT-PCR, and nested PCR in detecting hMPV genes. A total of 146 clinical specimens from 143 patients who showed acute respiratory tract infection symptoms were tested by...

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection induces bovine leukemia in cattle and causes significant financial harm to farmers and farm management. There is no effective therapy or vaccine; thus, the diagnosis and elimination of BLV-infected cattle are the most effective method to eradicate the infection. Clinical veterinarians need a simpler and more rapid method of diagnosing infection, because bot...

Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis have been the cause of large and serious outbreaks of waterborne cryptosporidiosis. A specific and sensitive recovery-detection method is required for control of this pathogen in drinking water. In the present study, nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), which targets the divergent Cpgp40/15 gene, was developed. This nested PCR detecte...

Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii-a small obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium found in a variety of animals. It is transmitted to humans by inhalation of contaminated aerosols from urine, feces, milk, amniotic fluid, placenta, abortion products, wool, and rarely by ingestion of raw milk from infected animals. Nested PCR can improve the sensitivity and specif...

This study evaluated and compared the performance of two real-time PCR assays using nested reverse transcription (RT)-PCR as the reference method. Among 117 nested RT-PCR-positive cases, the abTES DEN 5 qPCR kit detected 97.4% of dengue virus (DENV) infections, while the innuDETECT Dengue TwoStep assay did so for 44.4%. Sensitivity varied by infecting serotype and the stage of infection. The ab...