Speech coding techniques capable of generating encoded representations which are robust against channel losses play an important role in enabling reliable voice communication over packet networks and mobile wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate the use of multiple description index assignments (MDIAs) for loss-tolerant transmission of line spectral frequency (LSF) coefficients, typica...

The influence of solid (SSF) or liquid state fermentation (LSF) for 48 and 96 h on the production of water soluble extracts from kidney beans was investigated. SSF was carried out by Bacillus subtilis, whilst LSF was performed either by natural fermentation (NF) or by Lactobacillus plantarum strain (LPF). SSF extracts showed high soluble phenolic compound content (31-36 mg/g) and antioxidant ac...

Low-spatial-frequency (LSF) visual information is processed in an elemental fashion before a finer analysis of high-spatial-frequency information. Further, the amygdala is particularly responsive to LSF information contained within negative (e.g., fearful) facial expressions. In a separate line of research, it has been shown that surprised facial expressions are ambiguous in that they can be in...

Exposure of beer to light results in the formation undesirable flavours or complete spoilage. Photo-damaged beerhas a specific, so-called skunky light-struck flavour (LSF). The compound responsible for LSF is 3-methylbut-2-ene-1-thiol (MBT). Riboflavin (RF) plays key role MBT. It absorbs blue part thespectrum and transfers excitation energy isohumulones. This process accompanied by decompositio...

Introduction The Least Square Fitting (LSF) method is a statistical approach used for evaluating respiratory mechanics [1]. It allows measurement of respiratory mechanics continuously at the bedside, even in presence of flow limitation [23], without the need for constant inspiratory flow rate, endinspiratory hold and end-expiratory occlusion. These features allow the application of the LSF meth...

We develop a two stage split vector quantization method with optimum bit allocation, for achieving minimum computational complexity. This also results in much lower memory requirement than the recently proposed switched split vector quantization method. To improve the rate-distortion performance further, a region specific normalization is introduced, which results in 1 bit/vector improvement ov...

This paper proposes to combine classical approaches to the optimization of arithmetic expressions by choosing polarity of variables with the linearization of switching functions (LSF). Experimental results presented in the paper, show that in classical approaches, transition from Positive-polarity arithmetic expressions to Fixed-polarity arithmetic expressions may provide for 30-40% of reduced ...

In vision, high and low spatial frequencies have been dissociated at the cognitive and neural levels. Usually, high spatial frequency (HSF) is associated with slow analysis along the ventral cortical stream, and low spatial frequency (LSF) is associated with fast and automatic processing. These findings suggest a specific relation between spatial-frequency processing and visual awareness. We in...

Incorporating mixed oxygen-ion-electron conducting (MIEC) cathode materials is a promising strategy to make intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) viable; however, a lack of fundamental understanding of oxygen transport in these materials limits their development. Density functional theory plus U (DFT+U) calculations are used to investigate how the Sr concentration affects t...

PURPOSE To reevaluate the validity of the light scatter factor (LSF) formula of Paulsson and Sjöstrand, LSF = L/E (M2/M1-1), where L is the target luminance, E is the illuminance of the glare source at the eye, and M2 and M1 are modulation contrast thresholds measured with and without the glare source, respectively. This equation has recently been deemed invalid by Yager, Yuan, and Mathews. M...