The mammalian distal nephron develops a complex assembly of specialized cell types to accomplish the fine adjustment of urinary electrolyte composition. The epithelia of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), the connecting tubule (CNT) and the cortical collecting duct (CCD) show an axial structural heterogeneity that has been functionally elucidated by the localization of proteins involved in the...

Signal processing in the encrypted domain (s.p.e.d.) appears an elegant solution in application scenarios where valuable signals must be protected from a possibly malicious processing device. In this paper we consider the application of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to images encrypted by using an appropriate homomorphic cryptosystem. A s.p.e.d. 1-dimensional DCT is obtained by defining a...

Global, constant-velocity, translational motion in an image sequence induces a characteristic energy footprint in the Fourier-transform (FT) domain; spectrum is limited to a plane with orientation defined by the direction of motion. By detecting these spectral occupancy planes, methods have been proposed to estimate such global motion. Since the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is a ubiquitous t...

An algorithm based on the ability of TEO to track the changes in the envelope of ECG signal is proposed for identifying PVCs in ECG. Teager energy is calculated from DCT coefficients of ECG signal. This method can be considered as computationally efficient algorithm when compared with the well-known DCT cepstrum technique. EPE is derived from the teager energy of DCT coefficients in DCT-TEO met...

In Image processing the Image compression can improve the performance of the digital systems by reducing the cost and time in image storage and transmission without significant reduction of the Image quality. This paper describes hardware architecture of low complexity Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) architecture for image compression[6]. In this DCT architecture, common computations are identi...

This paper proposes a novel approach to early determination of zero-quantized 8× 8 discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients for fast video encoding. First, with the dynamic range analysis of DCT coefficients at different frequency positions, several sufficient conditions are derived to early determine whether a prediction error block (8× 8) is an all-zero or a partial-zero block, i.e., the ...

The two-dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is widely used and probably the most popular method in transform-based image processing and video coding systems since it achieves very high compression ratio and packs the video signal energy into a few coefficients thereby the DCT has well-known decorrelation and energy compaction properties for typical images. The DCT is computationally int...

A new integer 4 · 4 transform is adopted in the new video coding standard H.264/AVC. It consumes a big account of computation of a real-time encoder. To reduce the computation load of the new transform, pruned DCT algorithm is applied. To avoid serious encoding performance loss, a new condition is derived based on statistical sum of absolute value test(SSAVT) to identify pruned block adaptively...

Color histograms are the most commonly used features for image retrieval due to the good attributes of image translation and rotation invariance. However the traditional color histogram features are usually short of spatial structural information which may cause error retrieval results. This paper presents a color image retrieval method based on Weighted DCT Spatial Combination Histogram (WDSCH...

INTRODUCTION DCT image compression. The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is a standard method by which images may be compressed. Initially, the image is divided into 8x8-pixel blocks, each of which is then transformed into its DCT, which is an 8x8 matrix of coefficients. Each coefficient cij , specifies the magnitude of a DCT frequency (or basis function), indexed by i, j . For brevity, we adopt...