A high-stability Eu-complex has been achieved by coating with a silica glass via a low temperature sol-gel process using deuterated methanol. A three-dimensional glass network protects Eu-complex from free-oxygen and/or water to change the ligand structure. In addition, the chemical bond of deuterated Eu-complex is more stable than that of the conventional Eu-complex. Therefore, we achieved the...

In 1996, the first European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) minimum standards programme in nephrology was published. Since then, medical practice in an expanded European Union (EU) has evolved significantly. These changes have prompted the UEMS Nephrology Section to update and review the programme on harmonization of nephrology training in the EU. Although directives of the EU indicate that...

Lanthanoid-based optical probes with excitation wavelengths in the ultra-violet (UV) range (300-325 nm) have been widely developed as imaging probes. Efficient cellular imaging requires that lanthanoid optical probes be excited at visible wavelengths, to avoid UV damage to cells. The efficacy of europium-catalyzed single-walled carbon nanotubes (Eu-SWCNTs), as visible nanoprobes for cellular im...

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EU), also known as Du-Zhong, is a medicinal herb commonly used in Asia to treat hypertension and diabetes. Despite evidence of the protective effects of EU against diabetes, its precise effects and mechanisms of action against advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of EU on AGEs-induced renal disease and explored the ...

BACKGROUND Intrinsic iron in biological tissues frequently precludes unambiguous the identification of iron oxide nanoparticles when iron-based detection methods are used. Here we report the full methodology for synthesizing very small iron oxide nanoparticles (VSOP) doped with europium (Eu) in their iron oxide core (Eu-VSOP) and their unambiguous qualitative and quantitative detection by fluor...

The crystal structure of title compound, [Eu(NO(3))(3)(C(15)H(15)NO(2))(2)], contains two Schiff base 6-meth-oxy-2-[(4-methyl-phen-yl)imino-meth-yl]phenolate (L) ligands and three independent nitrate ions that chelate to the europium(III) ion via the O atoms. The coordination number of the Eu(III) ion is ten. The L ligands chelate with a strong Eu-O(deprotonated phenolate) bond and a weak Eu-O(...

The paper addresses two problems in the analysis of regional convergence in the European. First, typical convergence studies use data that is only available for some of the regions in the EU. This introduces a selection bias, as the lack of data is likely to be systematically linked to the regional income level. Secondly, the estimation takes the EU regional policy explicitly into account. The ...

The number of new molecular entities (NMEs) approved in 2005 was 17 in Japan, 20 in US and 18 in EU, respectively. Among 53 NMEs approved in Japan and at least one other region during 2002 to 2005, 53 NMEs had been approved in US and 25 in EU by 2005, but there were no common approvals only between Japan and EU. On the other hand, 26 NMEs were solely approved in US and EU during this period. Am...

The growth of Eu-doped CaF2 and BaF2 thin films on Si~100!, ~110!, and ~111! substrates has been realized by molecular beam epitaxy using elemental Eu evaporation. Very bright blue emissions from Eu-doped CaF2 and yellow emissions from Eu-doped BaF2 were obtained in the wavelength range of 400–850 nm at 10 K. Depending on the Si substrate orientation, the zero-phonon line of Eu in the CaF2 thin...