Corner reflectors are widely applied to the precise monitoring of crustal deformation. As shown in recently, however, the machining tolerance of rectangle trihedral corner reflectors in the production and deploy process often results in the changes of RCS. The Radar Cross Section (RCS) of rectangle trihedral corner reflectors are calculated based on Physical Optics Method (PO), the objective of...

UNLABELLED Reactive chlorine species (RCS) defense mechanisms are important for bacterial fitness in diverse environments. In addition to the anthropogenic use of RCS in the form of bleach, these compounds are also produced naturally through photochemical reactions of natural organic matter and in vivo by the mammalian immune system in response to invading microorganisms. To gain insight into b...

PURPOSE The Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat has been extensively characterized as a model for inherited retinal dystrophy such as retinitis pigmentosa. In the present study, compositions of retinal proteins were compared between RCS (rdy-/-) and control (rdy+/+) rats during progression of the disease to understand the molecular pathologic course of the retinal degeneration. METHODS Protei...

PURPOSE The aged Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat with advanced retinal degeneration loses the b-wave and shows a negative-going corneal electroretinogram (ERG) that has been attributed to loss of inner retinal function because of glutamate toxicity. The authors investigated the origin of this negative ERG and evaluated inner retinal function in late-stage RCS degeneration. METHODS The ERG...

PURPOSE Subretinal prosthetics are designed to electrically stimulate second-order cells, replacing dysfunctional photoreceptors in diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). For functional vision to occur, this signal must also reach central visual structures. In the current study, a subretinally implanted prosthetic was evaluated in the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat model of RP, to det...

Peritoneal macrophages from RCS rats exhibit phagocytic capability equal to that found in macrophages from normal strains of rat. The similarity in phagocytic activity was found with rat or bovine rod outer segments as well as with dystrophic retinal debris. Thus the genetic defect in RCS pigment epithelium is not expressed in the macrophages, which are available to clear the debris layer that ...

PURPOSE To determine whether treatment with bright light elicits a protective response that enhances photoreceptor survival in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats with inherited retinal degeneration. METHODS RCS rats were illuminated for 10 to 12 hours with 130 foot-candles (fc) of white or green light. Untreated littermates that were kept under low cyclic light levels were used as control s...

In Modern warfare scenario, thin conducting chaff fibers with very high aspect ratio are used as passive electronic countermeasure. Radar Cross Section (RCS) of chaff cloud is an important parameter deciding its performance as electronic countermeasure. The chaff cloud is a dynamic target as when it is dispensed, it blooms in the atmosphere depending upon the atmospheric conditions and the plat...