Currently, the molecular mechanisms of the acid-base equilibrium maintenance in the body remain poorly understood. The development of alkalosis under various pathological conditions poses an immediate threat to human life. Understanding the physiological mechanisms of alkalosis compensation may stimulate the development of new therapeutic approaches and new drugs for treatment. It was previousl...

Although significant contributions to the understanding of metabolic alkalosis have been made recently, much of our knowledge rests on data from clearance studies performed in humans and animals many years ago. This article reviews the contributions of these studies, as well as more recent work relating to the control of renal acid-base transport by mineralocorticoid hormones, angiotensin, endo...

Values of blood gas, serum chloride, and potassium were tabulated for 21 dairy cows with coliform mastitis. Severe cases showed marked clinical signs such as loss of appetite and depression of digestive tract motility, and metabolic alkalosis such as an increase in blood pH, hypochloremia and hypokalemia compared with normal and mild cases (p < 0.01). The results showed that metabolic alkalosis...

1. Whole-body intracellular pH (pHi) was measured by the 14C-labelled DMO method in twenty-four control subjects, eighteen normal subjects with induced acute metabolic alkalosis, ten normal subjects with induced acute metabolic acidosis, twelve normal subjects with chronic acidosis and in fifteen patients with chronic renal insufficiency and acidosis. 2. The change in pHi per unit change in ext...

Dr. Cannon holds a Career Development Award No. HE-15031. Dr. Heinemann is a Career Scientist, Health Research Council of the City of New York (I-189). Address requests for reprints to Dr. Roberta M. Goldring, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York 10016. Received for publication 20 January 1967 and in revised form 7 September 1967. when renal hydrogen ion excretion ...

In 11 normally oxygenated, normotensive mongrel dogs, blood flow and oxidative metabolism of the brain was studied during normocapnia and during respiratory alkalosis and respiratory acidosis. During respiratory alkalosis (mean PaCO2 17.8 mm Hg) CBF decreased significantly from 61.0 to 33.9 ml/100 g/min (44%) while arteriovenous-substrate differences increased and the rates of oxygen and glucos...

Acid/base homeostasis is one of the most difficult subdisciplines of physiology for medical students to master. A different approach, where theory and practice are linked, might help students develop a deeper understanding of acid/base homeostasis. We therefore set out to develop a laboratory exercise in acid/base physiology that would provide students with unambiguous and reproducible data tha...