Whether neutrality has positive or negative effects on evolutionary search is a contentious topic, with reported experimental results supporting both sides of the debate. Most existing studies use performance statistics, e.g., success rate or search efficiency, to investigate if neutrality, either embedded or artificially added, can benefit an evolutionary algorithm. Here, we argue that underst...

III. THE SHORTCOMINGS OF NETWORK NEUTRALITY AND THE CASE FOR NETWORK DIVERSITY ....................................................18 A. Network Neutrality and Static Efficiency ...................................19 1. The Potential Welfare Gains from Network Diversity and the Inherent Nonneutrality of Network Neutrality............20 2. Network Diversity and the Causes of Market Failure in the...

In this paper, we firstly show that the $N$-dual operation of the right residual implication, which is induced by a left-conjunctive right arbitrary $vee$-distributive left semi-uninorm, is the right residual coimplication induced by its $N$-dual operation. As a dual result, the $N$-dual operation of the right residual coimplication, which is induced by a left-disjunctive right arbitrary $wedge...

Net neutrality has, for a number of years, been a topic of often heated discussion in the Internet and telecom community. The issue was put firmly on the agenda by Tim Wu in his famous paper (Wu, 2003) following the discussion on a number of net-neutrality related issues by other authors (e.g. Lemley and Lessig, 2001). Since then, net neutrality has been analyzed extensively in academia and in ...

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The Internet content delivery market has been positioned for tremendous growth. To capture the essentials of pricing structures in this market, we develop an economic model incorporating prices with provider investments in the demand function, and obtain equilibrium prices and investments under both monopoly and competitive settings for transport providers. We also investigate network neutralit...

We compare four approaches to network neutrality and network management regulation in a two-sided market model: (i) no variations in Quality of Service and no price discrimination; (ii) variations in Quality of Service but no price discrimination; (iii) variations in Quality of Service and price discrimination but no exclusive contracts; and (iv) no regulation: the network operator can sell exc...

Whether broadband service providers should be allowed to vertically integrate with content providers is a contentious issue, especially from the net neutrality perspective, since the vertically integrated firm can prioritize the delivery of its own content at the expense of that of its competitors if net neutrality is not enforced. We analyze the issues of vertical integration of content and br...

As observational data has attained new legal status, allowing their integration into open Internet systems, and experimental data continues to be assembled in common and free platforms, state of the art, easy to access data repositories have been designed in Spain. These repositories have removed many obstacles to re-utilization of GIS and other data. European legislation has also made advances...

This paper introduces “capital ownership neutrality” (CON) and “national ownership neutrality” (NON) as benchmarks for evaluating the desirability of international tax reforms, and applies them to analyze recent U.S. tax reform proposals. Tax systems satisfy CON if they do not distort the ownership of capital assets, which promotes global efficiency whenever the productivity of an investment di...