Hilbert Space of a Single Fermionic Mode A single bosonic mode is equivalent to a harmonic oscillator; the relation [â, â†] = 1 gives rise to an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space spanning states |n〉 for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . ,∞. A single fermionic mode is different — its Hilbert space spans just two states, |0〉 and |1〉. In accordance with the Fermi statistics, multiple quanta in the same mode ...

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a growth factor for normal pancreas. Nu merous studies also suggest that CCK promotes pancreatic carcinogenesis in the rat. Our previous studies suggested that growth of preneoplastic pancreatic foci was stimulated by CCK more than that of normal pan creas. We hypothesized that such differential growth might be due to increased numbers of CCK receptors in neoplastic tis...

Spin-dependent scattering is considered to be the origin of giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers, although the role of bulk or interface defects is still under discussion. We present calculations of spin-dependent impurity scattering potentials as a function of the impurity position in a Co/Cu-multilayer. The calculations are performed within spin density functional theory using a Gr...

â â â  â â â â â  the main purpose of present study is to analyze the relationship between stock and exchange markets in two asian countries, iran and south korea. a monthly time series of stock price and exchange rate are used over the period 2002: 05 - 2012: 03. the data is collected from the central bank of each country and wdi. the calculated stock return and real exchange rate change are u...

â  â â â â â  â  â  abstract: â  there is a significant relationship between economic growth and the degree of urban concentration, as measured by primacy or the share of the largest city in an urban system. in accordance to urban economic theories, there is an inverse-u shape relationship between urban concentration –urban primacy- and economic growth. that is, as economy grows, urban concen...

ofthe various factors that go into the computation better; it also segregates the least reliable and error-prone model-dependent components into terms that can be identified and minimized. Regional cerebral glucose utilization is calcu lated as: IT C@†• (T) †" K'I' I C@(t) e@ +k@)(Tt) dt JO (IfTC(t) fTC@(t) e@ +k@)(Tt) dt)-@-dt-i; 0 @ 0 Eq.! where C@' represents total concentration of ‘4C...

homoalcophosphamide by the procedure of Corey and Kim (7) gave diethylaldophosphamide and diethylhomoaldophos phamide, respectively (Chart 2). Diethylaldophosphamide was characterized by mass spectral analysis [m/e 283, 1 Cl, M2— CH2C1@; m/e 192, no Cl, M —N(CH2CH2C1)2] and by positive qualitative tests as an aldehyde and an alkylating agent. Complete purification of diethylaldophosphamide ...

Several human monoclonal antibodies directed to tumor-associated glycolipid antigens have been established, but more than one-half of them react with gangliosides and the others react with neutral glycolipids. We report here the first establishment of a human IgM monoclonal antibody directed to the sulfated glycolipid. This monoclonal antibody, M14-376, did not react with SM<and Sm„ which hav...

Studies on GSK3¥â expression in the kainate induced excitototoxic hippocampal injury model of mice Jung Hoon Lee Department of Anatomy Graduate School Seoul National University Glycogen synthase kinase 3¥â (GSK3¥â) is believed to play important roles in the regulation of synaptic plasticity, cell survival and circadian rhythms in the mature CNS. However, although several studies have been focus...

This study uses " Multiple Indicators – Multiple Causes" (MIMIC) approach to model the causal relations between main variables, which determine the underground economy in Iran. we Basically, it examines the relationship between underground and official GDP in Iran, using annual time-series data for Iran during 1965 – 2005. Accordingly, it is found that the estimated size of the underground ...