Branched fatty acids are of great interest in the oleochemical industry for many high-end applications due to their interesting physicochemical properties. In last decades, research has focused mainly on use ferrierite (FER) as catalyst isomerization into these branched acids. With FER, high yields can be obtained. FER is however expensive, and additives necessary obtain a selectivity toward th...

The inner heterogeneity of ZSM-5 zeolite and the building mechanism architecture in synthesis was revealed through NH4F-etching. described by concepts defect-zoning Al-zoning.

Microspectroscopic methods were explored to investigate binder effects occurring in ZSM-5-containing SiO2- and Al2O3-bound millimetre-sized extrudates. Using thiophene as a selective probe for Brønsted acidity, coupled with time-resolved in situ UV/Vis and confocal fluorescence microspectroscopy, variations in reactivity and selectivity between the two distinct binder types were established. It...

The influence of a highly oxygenated, polar protic reaction medium, that is, levulinic acid in 2-ethylhexanoic acid, on the dealumination of two zeolite-supported ruthenium catalysts, namely Ru/H-β and Ru/H-ZSM-5, has been investigated by 27 Al triple-quantum magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (3QMAS NMR). Upon use of these catalysts in the hydrogenation of levulinic a...

To improve the yield of propylene in fluidized catalytic cracking, a series different Au/ZSM-5-TOS catalysts were prepared by modifying ZSM-5, using an external surface modification method and Au nanoparticles. The modified catalyst maintained MFI structure whereas pore-opening size zeolite relatively decreased, without affecting its internal structure. acidity especially Brønsted acidity, redu...

Photolysis of the supramolecular complexes (dibenzyl ketones@ZSM-5) produced supramolecular complexes of benzyl radicals@ZSM-5, which were directly detected by CW-EPR spectroscopy, and provided information on the dynamics of the radicals. The lifetimes of the radicals increased as the group X attached to the carbon atom at the radical center increases from X = H (t(1/2) ca. 2 min) to X = (CH(2)...

The structure of phenylcyclopropane radical cation (1•+, R ) H) is derived from CIDNP effects observed during the electron transfer reaction of 1 with chloranil. This species is an example of an elusive structure type. The secondary cyclopropane protons show significantly divergent hyperfine coupling constants due to an unprecedented stereoelectronic effect. Incorporation into a redox-active pe...