The role of calcium-activated chloride channels for renal function is unknown. By immunohistochemistry we demonstrate dominant expression of the recently identified calcium-activated chloride channels, Anoctamin 1 (Ano1, TMEM16A) in human and mouse proximal tubular epithelial (PTE) cells, with some expression in podocytes and other tubular segments. Ano1-null mice had proteinuria and numerous l...

Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu-IIs) modulate hippocampal information processing through several presynaptic actions. We describe a novel postsynaptic inhibitory mechanism mediated by the mGlu2 subtype that activates an inwardly rectifying potassium conductance in the dendrites of DG granule cells of rats and mice. Data from glutamate-uncaging experiments and simulations indicat...

The tropospheric model is the key in space geodetic techniques such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). In this paper, we established site-wise empirical Wuhan University Tropospheric Model (WTM) by using 10-year (2011–2020) monthly mean 5-year (2016–2020) hourly ERA5 reanalysis data, where Zenith Path Delay (ZPD), mapping function, horizo...

Ro, Seungil, William J. Hatton, Sang Don Koh, and Burton Horowitz. Molecular properties of small-conductance Ca21-activated K channels expressed in murine colonic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281: G964–G973, 2001.—Small-conductance Ca21-activated K (SK) channels are important participants in inhibitory neurotransmission in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Three isoform...

introduction: the term dynamic assessment (da) refers to an assessment, by an active teaching process, of a child's perception, learning, thinking, and problem solving. the process is aimed at modifying an individual's cognitive functioning and observing subsequent changes in learning and problem-solving patterns within the testing situation. da has been advocated as an alternative an...

The aim of this study was to determine the role of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) in the following esophageal reflexes: esophago-upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contractile reflex (EUCR), esophago-lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation reflex (ELIR), secondary peristalsis, pharyngeal swallowing, and belch. Cats (N = 43) were decerebrated and instrumented to record EMG of the cricophar...

In various contexts, spatially proximal genes have been shown to be functionally related. However, the extent to which spatial proximity of genes in a pathway contributes to the pathway's context-specific activity is not known. Leveraging Hi-C data in six human cell-lines, we show that spatial proximity of genes in a pathway is highly correlated with the pathway's context-specific expression an...

statement of problem: dental caries is one of the common diseases in the world. it is an infective disease which is caused by loss of minerals and destruction of dental tissues. one of the most effective ways to diagnose the interproximal caries is radiography. bitewing radiography is the best way for caries diagnosis. purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the interpr...