Stephen J. Martin, Nicolas Châline, Benjamin P. Oldroyd, Graeme R. Jones, and Francis L. W. Ratnieks Laboratory of Apiculture and Social Insects, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom, School of Biological Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia, and Chemical Ecology Group, School of...

Our research is a variant of the third party punishment game. In particular, we want to test whether players have heterogeneous preferences; the levels of the sanction and of the transfer are proportional to the unfairness of the Dictator; the change of the role influences the Observer’s reaction to unfair behavior; players’ decision to punish the Dictator and/or to help the Receiver depends on...

triple a syndrome (allgrove syndrome) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease with a typical triad including adrenocorticotrophic-hormone-resistant glucocorticoid insufficiency, reduced or absent tearing (alacrima) and achalasia and a wide range of symptoms can be detected due to multi organ involvement. this report describes the case of a triple asyndrome, a12 year-old boy with a histo...

This articles investigates the recent trends in co-authorship in economics. Using data from more than 700.000 journal articles we show that the average number of authors per has increased over the last years. This process is likely to be continued in the future. In a regression analysis we present evidence how the authorship of papers is related to the number of citations, the JEL classificatio...

This paper deals with hyperbolic discounting in a macro context. Time consistency is discussed in terms of rational behavior and rational expectations. The theory is applied to the intertemporal consumption decision in order to explain undersaving in an economy. Moreover, possible implications on policy makers’ decisions on reforms and budget deficits are evinced. Finally, the Ricardian equival...

Jamal and Sunder (1996) showed that the median prices in double auctions populated by zero-intelligence (ZI) traders whose trading limits are set by two biased heuristics tend to converge to the same equilibrium as if their trading limits were set by applying Bayes’ Rule. This note provides an analytical explanation of why the repeated use of biased heuristics approximates Bayes rule. JEL class...

Recently, it has been shown that the degree of loading of several types of automotive exhaust aftertreatment devices can be directly monitored in situ and in a contactless way by a microwave-based method. The goal of this study was to clarify whether this method can also be applied to NOx storage and reduction catalysts (lean NOx traps) in order to obtain further knowledge about the reactions o...

Analysis of aphthovirus A12, strain 119ab, grown in the presence of inorganic 32P revealed that two of the major viral polypeptides, VP4 and trypsin-sensitive protein VP3, were highly phosphorylated. The other major polypeptides, VP1 and VP2, were also phosphorylated but to a much lesser extent. Polypeptides VP0 and P56, of which there are approximately one of two copies per aphthovirion, were ...