A procedure has been developed for purification of the porcine brain alpha 2-adrenergic receptor to homogeneity. alpha 2-Adrenergic receptors were solubilized from porcine brain particulate preparations using sequential extraction into sodium cholate- and digitonin-containing buffers. The alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the digitonin extract were identified using the alpha 2-adrenergic selectiv...

Fear-related disorders are significantly more prevalent in women than in men. Stress may modulate the neurocircuitry of fear and is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of fear-related disorders. Therefore, we tested in the present experiment the hypothesis that noradrenaline and glucocorticoids, two major stress mediators, have differential effects on fear processing in men and women. In a pl...

Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were immobilized with one of the following drug combinations: ketamine/xylazine (n = 22), ketamine/promazine (n = 35), ketamine/midazolam (n = 13), or tiletamine/zolazepam (n = 22). Foxes given ketamine/xylazine had the shortest induction and longest recovery times relative to other drug combinations, whereas foxes given ketamine/midazolam had the longest induction tim...

The inhibitory effect of agmatine on electrically induced contractions was studied in vas deferens of Adra 2a transgenic mice lacking -adrenoceptors. Agmatine and clonidine caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of twitches. However, while agmatine showed a similar pIC value in control and transgenic mice, the pIC value for clonidine was about 30-fold lower in knockout mice. In both strain...

The inhibitory effect of agmatine on electrically induced contractions was studied in vas deferens of Adra 2a transgenic mice lacking alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors. Agmatine and clonidine caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of twitches. However, while agmatine showed a similar pIC(50) value in control and transgenic mice, the pIC(50) value for clonidine was about 30-fold lower in knockout mic...

In this study, the effect of α-adrenoceptor agents on imipramine-induced antinociception was investigated using formalin test. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of imipramine at different doses (10-80 mg/kg) induced antinociception in both phases of formalin test. In addition, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of imipramine (1, 5, and 10 µg/rat) did not elicit any effect, although ...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of α2-adrenergic agonist (xylazine) andantagonist (yohimbine) on phasic pain during estrous cycle in female rats. Adult female rats weighing 180-220 g were kept under controlled temperature (21-24°C) and light/dark conditions (light on at 6:00 a.m. and light off at 6:00 p.m.). Animals were divided into four groups: 1) control group whic...

Background & aim: This systematic overview of reviews on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) was performed to summarize the clinical efficacy of this approach in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) and assess methodological quality of the included reviews. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed to find the systematic reviews and meta-analyses on CAM interventions (e.g., a...

Yohimbine hydrochloride (YHM) is an alpha-2-adrenergic receptor antagonist that possesses sympathomimetic properties, but few studies have investigated YHM in the context of exercise. The purpose this study was to examine effects acute ingestion on bench press exercise power, velocity, and strength-endurance levels. In a double-blinded crossover design, resistance-trained males (n = 16) partici...