simulation and contrivance in hariri’s maghamat shaker amery * â  â abstractâ in the fourth century after hijra (a.h), many kinds of rhetoric arts became common and popular in literary texts. in that cultural atmosphere, the maghamat emerged. badi al-zaman al-hamadani was the first to write the maghamat in arabic literature in the second half of the fourth century (a.h). the principal recurre...

Hadith al-Iftiraqis a famous hadith attributed to Prophet Muhammad (s) in many Shi‘i and Sunni hadith collections, as well as in heresiographical sources. Among many books written by contemporary heresiographers, few have failed to mention this hadith in their writings. Many Shi‘i and Sunni traditionists have collected the traditions that deal with the future of the Muslim ummah under such titl...

Pharmacy which is an art and science of preparing and dispensing drugs and Materia Medica gives the names, sources physical characters and chemical properties of herbs or substances used in medicine and their doses have been interwoven connected with medicine from the time immorial. This can be traced back to the findings of ancient Egyptian and Unani Physician like Hippocrates (460-377 B.C) Di...

all that we know about the life and times of al-sijzī, the 10th century iranian muslim mathematician and astronomer, is limited to the small pieces of information provided by other authors’ accounts and some of his own works. on the basis of al-sijzī’s mathematical works and the extant maunscripts written in his hand, some modern scholars have estimated his date of birth in about 942 ad. numero...

this article is concerned with a comparative review of jahân-nâme   by mohammad bin najib bakran and manuscripts of masâlek va mamâlek by abu al-hasan sâʽid bin ali jurjâni written by during the middle of ninth century ah. from this review it becomes clear that jorjâniʼs main source in writing his book was jahân-nâme and therefore jahân-nâme is also a good source for editing the masâlek.  howev...