A recent analysis of R&D productivity suggests that there are grounds for 'cautious optimism' that the industry 'turned the corner' in 2008 and is 'on the comeback trail'. We believe that this analysis is flawed and most probably wrong. We present an alternative analysis of these same data to suggest that the industry is not yet 'out of the woods' and suggest that many of the systemic issues af...

From the still life with a bowl of fruit to scenes of wildlife in the woods, from Michelangelo’s David to Damien Hirst’s Verity, biology often provides the shapes, forms, colours and concepts that most inspire visual artists to create their own representation of life. Apart from the unique case of Leonardo da Vinci, the scientific and the artistic eye cast on living things have rarely resided i...

s | 25 each). MB test was applied 30 min after i.p. drug administrations. In the marble burying test, 20 glass marbles, each about 4 cm apart, are arrayed on the surface of 5 cm thick sawdust bedding. The number of marbles buried (to 2/3 their depth) in a 30 min session were counted. Open field test was also conducted for locomotor activity. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for sta...

Organic pollutants have an adverse effect on the neighboring environment. Industrial activates are the major sources of different organic pollutants. These primary pollutants react with surrounding and forms secondary pollutant, which persists for a long time. The present investigation has been carried out on the surface of activated sawdust for phenol eliminations. The process parameters initi...

the influence of initial moisture content on wood decay at different levels of atmospheric oxygen concentration was studied. three fungi, coriolus versicolor (c. versicolor) a white rot, coniophora puteana (c. puteana) a brown rot, and chaetomium globosum (c. globosum) a soft rot, were chosen. the mycelia of the fungi were inoculated in to mini blocks of fagus sylvatica (beech) and pinus sy...

Termites are the most destructive pests and their attacks significantly impact the quality of wooden buildings. Due to their cryptic behavior, it is rarely apparent from visual observation that a termite infestation is active and that wood damage is occurring. Based on the phenomenon of acoustic signals generated by termites when attacking wood, we proposed a practical framework to detect termi...