Abstract Wood anatomical traits of xylem are the characteristics tree rings at cellular and subcellular scales providing important insights on structural features their linkage to environment. Therefore, studying relationship between environmental changes not only provide physiological explanations, but also a new vision adaptation process response strategies growth climate. In this paper, I re...

The most consummate wood feeders are the billions of termites throughout the world that literally devour thousands of tons of woody debris every year in forests as well as lumber in buildings. Many of our most serious and damaging insect pests are the bark beetles and wood borers that feed on the parts of trees for which they are named. Even mammals ranging in size from mice to elephants consum...