Microturbine generation system is one of the most promising and a fast growing distributed generation sources. It is used in various applications thanks to high efficiency, quick start and high reliability. Combination of the microturbine and storage system (e.g. battery bank) is desirable selection to satisfy the load requirements under all conditions and hence the battery bank can play an imp...

In many places worldwide the amount of connected distributed energy resources (DER) at the distribution grids is increasing. The electricity feed-in and consumption of those resources requires an adaptation of the system management in order to secure reliability of supply. As it is the case already at high voltage levels under responsibility of the system operator, different trading options lik...

SUMMARY This paper reports a 65 nm 8 Mb spin transfer torque mag-netoresistance random access memory (STT-MRAM) operating at a single supply voltage with a process-variation-tolerant sense amplifier. The proposed sense amplifier comprises a boosted-gate nMOS and negative-resistance pMOSs as loads, which maximizes the readout margin at any process corner. The STT-MRAM achieves a cycle time of 1....

This paper investigates subthreshold voltage operation of digital circuits. Starting from the previously known single supply voltage for minimum energy per cycle, we further lower the energy consumption by using dual subthreshold supplies. Level converters, commonly used in the above threshold design, are found to be unacceptably slow for subthreshold voltage operation. Therefore, special const...

The design and analysis of a power distribution network is one of the most important areas in high-speed digital systems. The main function of a power distribution network is to supply power to core logic and I/O circuits in any digital system. With increasing clock speeds accompanied by decreasing signal rise times and supply voltages, the transient currents injected into the power distributio...

This paper reports a voltage reference circuit in standard CMOS process. It exhibits excellent supply independency for a wide input voltage range, which is of great importance in telemetry-powered systems. This circuit is based on the well-known VGS-reference supply-independent current reference circuit, but it is designed to serve as a voltage reference. While the reference current generated b...

Computer and telecommunication systems tend to demand lower supply voltages than 3.3V. This fact raises the challenge of obtaining high efficiency DC/DC converters with low output voltage. We have implemented a compact converter with an output voltage of 1.5V. The output power is 5W and the converter has been provided with galvanic isolation between input and output sides. The windings of the m...

Dead-time is necessary to prevent the short circuit of the power supply in PWM Inverters or converters. But, it will result in output voltage deviations and in case of lower values of current, lower order harmonics will be taken into account. So, dead-time elimination is required in all PWM Inverters or converters. This paper is dealing with a summary of dead-time effects in PWM inverters and v...

Simple and symmetrical ultra low-voltage current mode analog circuits and autozeroing amplifiers are presented. The low-voltage analog circuits are based on low-voltage inverters resembling precharge digital logic. Ultra low-voltage analog circuits can be operated at supply voltages down to 250 mV with rail-to-rail input and output swing. The output current of the ultra low-voltage symmetrical ...

The detectability of delay flaws can be improved by testing CMOS IC's with a very low supply voltage -between 2 and 2.5 times the threshold voltage Vt of the transistors. A delay flaw is a defect that causes a local timing failure but the failure is not severe enough to cause malfunctioning. Delay flaws caused by degraded signals and gates with lower drive capability than expected are considere...