The mechanical load imposed by the systemic circulation to the left ventricle is an important determinant of normal and abnormal cardiovascular function. Left ventricular afterload is determined by complex time-varying phenomena, which affect pressure and flow patterns generated by the pumping ventricle. Left ventricular afterload is best described in terms of pressure-flow relations, allowing ...

For over a century, the behavior of the aorta and other large arteries has been described as passive elastic tubes in which no active contraction occurs in the smooth muscle wall. In response to pulsatile pressure changes, the vessels undergo a 'passive' elastic dilatation-contraction cycle, described as a "Windkessel" effect. However, Mangel and colleagues have presented evidence that is contr...

A central problem in modeling blood flow and pressure in the larger systemic arteries is determining a physiologically based boundary condition so that the arterial tree can be truncated after a few generations. We have used a structured tree attached to the terminal branches of the truncated arterial tree in which the root impedance is estimated using a semianalytical approach based on a linea...

Modeling of the cardiovascular system is challenging, but it has the potential to further advance our understanding of normal and pathological conditions. Morphology and function are closely related. The arterial system provides steady blood flow to each organ and damps out wave fluctuations as a consequence of intermittent ventricular ejection. These actions can be approached separately in ter...

We present a robust and computationally efficient parameter estimation strategy for fluid-structure interaction problems. The method is based on a filtering algorithm restricted to the parameter space, known as the reduced-order unscented Kalman filter. It does not require any adjoint or tangent problems. In addition, it can easily be run in parallel, which is of great interest in fluid-structu...

The prevailing view of the behavior of the smooth muscle wall of large arteries is described by the Windkessel hypothesis, in which the wall does not actively contract in synchrony with the cardiac cycle. This hypothesis has predominated for well over a century. By contrast, several lines of evidence show that the smooth muscle wall of the aorta and other large arteries is capable of undergoing...

The new version of the hydro-electro-mechanical system (HEMS) is modeled via 14 serially connected electrical equivalent circuits resulting in an integrated circuit. model accepts a group variables and even examines interaction between them. This paper introduces improved heart by replacing monolithic structures with segmental comprehensive equivalents. Windkessel Model (WM) relationships aorta...

Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, often followed right ventricular hypertrophy heart failure. The effect of PAH its treatments on the mechanics, function, remodelling ventricle (RV) currently not well understood. To study cardiac biomechanics functionality as progresses, we implemented co...

Cardiovascular system modeling involves a great number of parameters (resistances, compliances, network geometries, etc.) which are unknown a priori and need to be identified. The present work aims at developing an identification procedure for estimating subject-specific hemodynamic parameters based on a one-dimensional (1-D) tree-like vascular flow model. For the present identification method,...