BACKGROUND It has been shown that wildlife can serve as natural reservoirs of hepatitis E virus (HEV). The wild boar (Sus scrofa) is probably the main natural reservoir of HEV and could therefore represent an important route of transmission in Europe, especially in regions where game meat is widely consumed. We evaluated the prevalence of HEV infection in wild boar in the south of Spain, with t...

of the country at present (Mayer and Br i sb in 1991). In this chapter, these different types of wild hogs will be treated together unless otherwise noted. coarse bristles. These anim a l s h a v e e l o n g a t e d heads and snouts ending in a disc-like pad through which the external nares open. The only other species in the southern United States that resembles the wild hog is the collared pe...

Metastrongylus spp. (Nematoda, Metastrongylidae) are lung worms of swine and occur worldwide. Species in the family include M. apri, M. pudendotectus, M. asymmetricus, and M. salmi. Earth worms are intermediate hosts and pigs get infected when eating earth worms. In Finland wild boar farming began in the 1980s and now there are over hundred farms and over 2000 wild boars in different parts of t...

Trichinellosis is a rare parasitic zoonosis caused by Trichinella following ingestion of raw or undercooked meat containing Trichinella larvae. In the past five years, there has been a sharp decrease in human trichinellosis incidence rates in the European Union due to better practices in rearing domestic animals and control measures in slaughterhouses. In November 2014, a large outbreak of tric...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Wild-boar soil disturbance (i.e., rooting) increases the abundance of some species of geophytes (i.e., plants with underground renewal buds) in upland meadows. However, the mechanisms that could lead to such enhanced prevalence remain unexplored. • METHODS We analyzed the effects of wild-boar disturbance on the size, nutrient (N, P, K, C, and total ash), and...

BACKGROUND Since the re-appearance of wild boars in Sweden in the 1970s, the population has increased. Besides having large litter sizes, puberty at an early age is considered as an important factor contributing to the high reproductive potential of wild boar. Although controversial, supplemental feeding is applied to varying extent throughout the wild boar range in Sweden, and its effect on wi...

The purpose of this paper is to define diagnostic procedures for wild boar after the completion of oral immunisation against classical swine fever (CSF). Epidemiological analysis of CSF in wild boar in Germany demonstrated that it is vital to carry out virological investigations on all animals found dead, sick or involved in traffic accidents. In principle, this should ensure an effective and p...

Wild boar are an important reservoir of Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in several European countries, where most of the primary outbreaks in domestic pigs are directly related to the endemic disease situation in the wild boar population. Oral immunisation has been introduced as an additional control measure to accelerate CSF eradication in wild boar in Germany since 1993. Immunisation with ...

To gain an insight into the molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever (CSF) in Italy, virus isolates originating from outbreaks that occurred between 1985 and 2000 in wild boar or in domestic pigs in mainland Italy and in Sardinia were analysed by genetic typing. For this, a fragment (190 nucleotides) of the E2 glycoprotein gene was sequenced and phylogenetic analyses were performed, incl...

carnivores play great ecological roles in ecosystems because of placing on top of the food pyramid. food habits of large carnivores are associated with important ecological features such as spatial pattern, movement, habitat selection, social structure, geographical distribution and reproductive success. accordingly, in this study was used scat analysis to determine the diet of persian leopards...