Wind disturbance can create large forest blowdowns, which greatly reduces live biomass and adds uncertainty to the strength of the Amazon carbon sink. Observational studies from within the central Amazon have quantified blowdown size and estimated total mortality but have not determined which trees are most likely to die from a catastrophic wind disturbance. Also, the impact of spatial dependen...

ABSTRACT- To study the effect of tree roots on increasing water infiltration in soil and also to determine and assess the coefficients of different infiltration models, some infiltration tests were performed in three tree plantation areas in Badjgah, Fars province with different soil textures (clay loam for pear plantation, sandy loam for grape plantation, loamy sand for pine trees). In each pl...

Dead wood is an important component of the forest for many species. In many locations, however, the presence of dead wood has declined, and there is a need to make what is left more suitable for the myriad of creatures dependent on this material. In this paper, I will summarize the value of dead wood for these species and describe methods for improving the dead wood component of the forest to m...

Spatial patterns can reveal a lot about ecological processes, but our knowledge of the spatial ecology tree regeneration at fine scale is quite limited. Therefore, we studied living and dead small trees in two subalpine Norway spruce forest reserves Switzerland (Scatlè Bödmerenwald) using three types analyses. First, investigated distances to nearest large neighboring and, by maximum as indicat...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role strong winds and aging in death and/or decline growth Korean fir on Mt. Halla Korea. Bangeoreum (BA-S), Jindalrebat (JD-E), Youngsil (YS-W) southern, eastern, western slopes (ca. 1600 1700 m a.s.l.) were selected for study. site chronologies established using more than 10 living firs at each site. Additionally, date years seasons standing/fa...

We conducted dendroclimatic and stable isotope analyses of lodgepole pines (Pinus contorta) located in high-mortality sites at Mammoth Mountain (California, USA) to test for tree responses to magmatic degassing. Existing climatic and tree-ring data from nearby Yellowstone National Park were used for comparison. Sampled trees were scarcely sensitive to climate, and their growth showed an overall...

Forest fragmentation results in a loss of forest interior and an increase in edge habitat. We studied how understorey bird community composition and habitat variables changed along an edge-to-interior gradient in a 1248-ha lowland rainforest patch in peninsular Malaysia. Birds and environmental variables such as vegetation structure and litter depth were detected within a 25-m radius of each of...

Cliff environments can provide excellent locations for dendrochronological studies. This is largely due to harsh growing conditions that often result in an enhanced sensitivity to climate variability. The relative inacessability of such locations also reduces the chance of anthropogenic disturbance, such as logging and fire. Therefore, depending on the natural stability of a particular cliff en...

Abstract Traditional funding strategies of grants, congressional appropriations, and income from timber sales are insufficient to complete the level forest restoration necessary throughout California. Stimulating investment into markets for low-value biomass—such as tops branches trees, small dead trees—will add value raw materials provide additional revenue streams pay restoration. We evaluate...

Wood cockroaches (Blattaria: Blattellidae) are important prey of the red-cockaded woodpecker, Picoides borealis Wilson (Piciformes: Picidae), an endangered species inhabiting pine (Pinus spp.) forests in the southern United States. These woodpeckers forage on the boles of live pine trees, but their prey consists of a high proportion ofwood cockroaches, Parcoblatta spp., that aremore commonly as...