ABSTRACT Soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) and Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV) are putatively transmitted to small grains by the obligate parasite Polymyxa graminis, but little is known about environmental requirements for transmission and the resulting disease incidence. We planted susceptible wheat and triticale cultivars in field nurseries on different autumn dates in 3 years an...

Market pressure is forcing New Zealand greenhouse tomato growers to shift from conventional to more environmentally-friendly pest control methods such as IPM (Integrated Pest Management). Growers can access IPM manuals, but these tend to provide generalized advice, which they find difficult to apply to their own situations. Alternatively, growers can use consultants to tailor IPM strategies to ...

here are about 220 types of cannabis mentioned on the websites of Canada’s 13 licensed medical marijuana growers. Several growers name their products after their companies. Others use names that resemble pharmaceutical names or allude to therapeutic benefits. Many growers, however, are using recreational names. They might want to reconsider that choice if they want the medical community to take...

A review of organic growers' concerns about weeds is presented and several issues that may ease those concerns are highlighted. The underlying principles of organic weed management (OWM) are briefly discussed and results from organic grower surveys regarding weed management practices in organic horticultural cropping are presented. The most common weeds encountered by organic growers, often tho...

Cocaine is extracted from coca: a native bush from the Amazon rainforest. Coca is mostly grown in remote areas to avoid government intervention, and it has been increasingly cultivated inside protected areas (PAs). The effects of coca cultivation on the preservation of PAs are largely unknown. This research uses panel data (2006–2008) from a total of 684 farmers to evaluate the influence of coc...

During the past few years, several innovative IT based applications have emerged around the world that promise to bridge the proverbial digital divide by linking growers directly to domestic and international markets through the internet. Online commodity auctions are an example of such initiatives and have the potential to impact the livelihood of millions around the world. However, an importa...

Coffee has for several decades now been a flagship product of the efforts to make trade with the developing world fair and to ensure that smallholder producers in tropical countries can make a reasonable living from the produce they export to the more affluent parts of the world. Now coffee is also set to become a prime example of how climate change disrupts agricultural production and endanger...

Michigan higbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) growers were surveyed during Winter 2003 to gather information on the extent of the pest status of japanese beetle (Popillia japonica, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) within this crop, and their responses to this pest management challenge. The survey was mailed to 215 highbush blueberry farms in southwestern, central, and southeastern Michigan. Ninety...