BACKGROUND Estimates of health problems of the elderly in developing countries are required from time to time to predict trends in disease burden and plan health care for the elderly. Developing countries have a poor track record of equitable distribution of health care. Marginalized groups living in urban slums and rural villages have poor penetration of health services. AIMS To identify the...

Classically, a computation operates on a string of bits, applying a sequence of physically realizable operations (such as logical NOT, AND, and OR), and outputs an answer based on the value of the last obtained bit string. Similarly, a quantum computation operates on a register consisting of a number of quantum bits (qubits), applying a sequence of (hypothetically) physically realizable quantum...

Do we have non-relativizing techniques? Yes, we do! In fact, already the proof of the CookLevin theorem is non-black-box: to reduce the computation of a nondeterministic TM on a given input x to a 3-cnf φx, we had to “open up” the TM and look inside at the sequence of configurations the TM goes through, and moreover, exploit a very special property of a TM computation: that the computation is l...

Crystals of intact small ribosomal subunits from Thermus thermophilus have been obtained from functionally active particles. The crystals (P42(1)2, 407 A x 407 A x 171 A) are suitable for X-ray crystallography analysis to 9.9 A using synchrotron radiation at cryotemperature. Crystallographic data from native and a potential heavy-atom derivative have been collected.

s 2008;112:407.

The PCP theorem gives a novel characterization of the class NP in terms of probabilistically checkable proofs (PCPs). The central role in this characterization belongs to a Verifier. Here, the probabilities are taken over the random choices of the verifier, and the notation V π means that the verifier V has random access to the string π, i.e., V may request to see the ith bit of the string π, f...

BACKGROUND Operating rooms (ORs) are estimated to generate up to one-third of hospital waste. At the London Health Sciences Centre, prosthetics and implants represent 17% of the institution's ecological footprint. To investigate waste production associated with total knee arthroplasties (TKAs), we performed a surgical waste audit to gauge the environmental impact of this procedure and generate ...

The objective of this work was to develop bioadhesive topical gel of Aceclofenac with the help of response-surface approach. Experiments were performed according to a 3-level factorial design to evaluate the effects of two independent variables [amount of Poloxamer 407 (PL-407 = X1) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose K100 M (HPMC = X2)] on the bioadhesive character of gel, rheological property o...

As a consequence of an AM protocol for NISO, we get the following: Theorem 1. If Graph Isomorphism is NP-complete, then PH = Σp2. Proof. Suppose that Graph Isomorphism is NP-complete. Then the problem NISO is coNPcomplete. Hence, every coNP problem is polytime reducible to NISO, which, as we know, is in AM. We use this to get the following inclusions: Σp2 = ∃ ◦ ∀ ◦ P (definition of Σ p 2) ⊆ ∃ ◦...