The first lineage allocation during mouse development results in the trophectoderm and inner cell mass at the blastocyst stage. The caudal-related transcription factor, CDX2, is upregulated and required for the repression of inner cell mass genes Oct 4 and Nanog in the trophectoderm to specify the two lineages. Mouse embryos are precocious implanters requiring early establishment of trophectode...

Salamanders have the remarkable ability to regenerate many body parts following catastrophic injuries, including a fully functional spinal cord following a tail amputation. The molecular basis for how this process is so exquisitely well-regulated, assuring a faithful replication of missing structures every time, remains poorly understood. Therefore a study of microRNA expression and function du...

Understanding and using EPDs continues to be a popular topic among cattle producers because of their effectiveness when properly used in genetic selection. Use of EPDs, as with many other standard management tools, is not required to survive in the beef cattle business, but those who do will excel in terms of genetic improvement. With so many traits to monitor in a cow herd, producers should no...

background: about 21 millions premature and low birth weight (lbw) infants are born in the world every year where the majority of them are in the middle east countries. the literatures have shown that lbw infants and premature infants have a smaller chance to survive than the normal ones. this research carried out to determine the situation of catch up growth of lbw infants in comparison with n...

anthropometric parameters are an important indicator of health and nutritional status comprising the whole span of mans life. however, they are not of the same degree of simplicity and sensitivity in assessing the public health status. during recent decades many studies have attempted to examine the relationships of these measurements in order to present simple alternatives for similar purposes...