background: few studies have shown the limitation of the world health organization (who)/ international council for the control of iodine defi ciency (iccidd)-adopted thyroid gland volume references as universal normative values for thyroid gland volume. so we decided to measure thyroid gland volume by sonography in schoolchildren in rasht, gilan province, iran — rasht is a metropolitan city on...

background: monte carlo simulations play a vital role in the calculation of the necessary shielding both for neutrons and photons. advanced and simple shielding materials against neutron and gamma rays were compared by simulation using the mcnb4b monte carlo code. the simulations were carried out for the three common neutron sources, namely the 252cf, the 241am/be and the dd neutron generator w...

Background: Opioids may affect hypothalamic GnRH secretion and Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Gonad axis, resulting in reproductive disturbances. Current study investigates the effects of morphine on structure of ovary following superovulalion through morphologic/morphometric studies. Methods: Twelve young female NMRI mice were allocated into treatment and control groups. Treatment group received oral...

Organic vegetable production has specific research and innovation requirements which are not shared by other parts of the food and farming sector. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of few permitted organic inputs such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, biochar, and different ratios of peat:worm casting on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growth, mycorrhizal dep...