OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long term health consequences of past occupational exposure to 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). METHODS Cancer incidence and cause specific mortality were examined up to and including 1992 in a group of 243 men with external comparisons and internal dose-response analyses. Model based estimates of TCDD dose (expressed in micrograms/kg body weight) were dev...

OBJECTIVE To systematically review and describe currently available approaches to supporting maintenance of weight loss in obese adults and to assess the evidence for the effectiveness of these interventions. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. STUDY SELECTION Studies were identified t...

We conducted a randomized controlled trial of the effects of dietary supplements on anemia, weight and height in 136 anemic school children from a low socioeconomic background in Bagamoyo District schools in Tanzania. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of dietary supplements on anemia and anthropometric indices of anemic school children. The supplements were vitamin A al...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of provider, gender and obesity class on outcomes of National Health Service (NHS) slimming on referral. METHODS Service evaluation in 12 UK general practices. Obese patients aged ≥16 were referred for 12 sessions to one of three commercial providers. Outcomes at 12 weeks were attendance, BMI, total and percentage weight loss, 5% and ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of insulin initiation with once-daily insulin detemir (IDet) or insulin glargine (IGlar) in real-life clinical practice in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This was a 24-week multinational observational study of insulin initiation in patients with T2DM. RESULTS The Turkish cohor...

BACKGROUND Consumption of liquid calories from beverages has increased in parallel with the obesity epidemic in the US population, but their causal relation remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine how changes in beverage consumption affect weight change among adults. DESIGN This was a prospective study of 810 adults participating in the PREMIER trial, an 18-mo ...

Few studies have focused on the impact of weight maintenance on cardiovascular disease risk factors or addressed whether changes differ by baseline weight status and medication usage. The authors examined these issues using 9 years of follow-up data on 3,235 men and women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study who were aged 45-64 years at baseline (1987-1989). In participants...

AIM To examine the association between weight change and baseline body mass index (BMI) over 8 years in a cohort of continuing and quitting smokers. DESIGN Prospective cohort. SETTING Oxfordshire general practices nicotine patch/placebo trial with 8-year follow-up. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-five participants were biochemically proven abstinent at 3, 6, 12 months and 8 years (abstainers). A tota...

Data on the early life origins of adult hypertension have been widely reported: however, recent research shows that the strength of association between small size at birth and higher blood pressure weakens as study size increases. In this article, we retest the association between birth weight and systolic blood pressure in a large cohort, examine whether age interacts with birth weight to pred...

This study was conducted among 609 adults on stavudine-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) for at least one year at health center level in Kigali, Rwanda to (a) determine the proportion who manifest weight loss after one year of ART (b) examine the association between such weight loss and a number of variables, namely: lipoatrophy, virological failure, adherence and on-treatment CD4 count and ...