Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify differentially expressed genes in hemocytes from carpet-shell clam Ruditapes decussatus stimulated with a mixture of dead bacterial strains. Putative function could be assigned to 100 of the 253 sequenced cDNAs. Based on sequence homologies, 3.16% of the total identified genes were possibly related to immune functions. Clam myticin isof...

The concentration of mercury in the tissues of the clam, Galatea paradoxa at in the Volta estuary, Ghana, were analysed over an 18-month period, from March 2008 to August 2009. The concentrations were well below the International Human Consumption Advisory Limit of THg (0.5 μg/g wet weight). The concentrations in the tissues of the different clam size classes were between 6 and 18 times lower t...

This report describes a pilot study of the Barnacle interface to the Clam automated theorem prover. The intent is to gather information about the usability of Barnacle for inductive theorem proving. This information is intended to guide further development of the Barnacle interface to Clam. The focus is on the utility of Barnacle in allowing users to spot toiling proofs and to intervene to rect...

introduction wedge modifiers are commonly applied in external beam radiotherapy to change the dose distribution corresponding to the body contour and to obtain a uniform dose distribution within the target volume. since the radiation dose delivered to the target must be within ±5% of the prescribed dose, accurate dose calculation by a treatment planning system (tps) is important. the objective ...

The relationship between gonadal development and the concentrations of four heavy metals Mn, Zn, Fe and Hg in the tissues of the clam Galatea paradoxa was evaluated at the Volta estuary, Ghana, over an 18-month period. Metal concentrations in the clam tissues were highly variable over the sampling period and seemed to be influenced by the reproductive cycle of the clam. Mn concentrations varied...

Abstract—In this paper we propose a novel Cross-layer Localized Authentication Mechanism (CLAM) to secure mobility in Next Generation Networks. The proposed mechanism integrates Proxy MIPv6 and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to handle the authentication locally in real-time and non-real-time communications. The design objectives of CLAM are three fold: i) handover latency is minimized by th...

A therapeutic effect was observed when an aqueous extract of the common clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) was injected directly into and around small, superficial, and slowly growing solid s.c. adenovirus 12 and SV40 virus-induced tumors in hamsters. The treatment was given daily or at selected intervals. Half of 74 treated hamsters showed complete tumor regression within 4 weeks after the 1st injec...

Patterns in community structure of meiofauna and macrofauna in relation to Portuguese clam dredging were compared during a 2-y-period o¡ Lagos and Vilamoura, south Portugal. SCUBA divers randomly sampled corer and quadrat samples before and immediately after simulating commercial dredge ¢shery. Univariate measures (abundance, number of taxa, evenness, diversity and biomass) and multivariate ana...

Calyptogena elongata is a small (about 7cm maximum length) species of vesicomyid clam which lives at depths of 494–503m, near the sill depth, in the Santa Barbara Channel in mildly reducing muds at low ambient oxygen concentrations. This species has abundant autotrophic sulphur-oxidizing bacteria in bacteriocytes in its gills. The stable carbon isotope composition values of its gills and other ...

Two eye-tracking experiments investigated the processing of mass nouns used as count nouns and count nouns used as mass nouns. Following Copestake and Briscoe (1995), the basic or underived sense of a word was treated as the input to a derivational rule (“grinding” or “portioning”) which produced the derived sense as output. It was hypothesized that in the absence of biasing evidence readers wo...