The facile syntheses of ring-expanded N-heterocyclic carbene (RE-NHC) copper(I) halide complexes are reported. method makes use a weak inorganic base in green solvent. reaction times can be greatly reduced by this weak-base route under microwave irradiation. easy access to these permits an evaluation the catalytic activity and profiling [Cu(RE-NHC)X] Huisgen 1,3-cycloaddition reaction.

The uptake of derivatives of lysine and a pentapeptide (ala-met-leu-trp-ala) into large unilamellar vesicle (LUV) systems in response to transmembrane pH gradients has been examined. In these derivatives, the C-terminal carboxyl functions have been converted to methyl esters or amides. It is shown that the presence of a pH gradient (interior acidic) results in the rapid and efficient accumulati...

Based-on the quasi-planar tetra-dentate Schiff-base ligand, a pair of manganese(III) Schiff-base enantiomers formulated as {[Mn(R,R-3-MeOSalcy)(H2O)(CH3OH)]ClO4}2 (1) and {[Mn(S,S-3-MeOSalcy)(H2O)(CH3OH)]ClO4}2 (2) (3-MeOSalcy = N,N′-(1,2-cyclohexanediylethylene)bis(3-methoxysalicylideneiminato)dianion) ...

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the base excess have been used traditionally to describe the acid-base balance of the blood. In 1981, Stewart proposed a new model of acid-base balance based upon three variables, the "strong ion difference" (SID), the total weak acids (ATot), and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2). Over 20 years later, Stewart's physiochemical model still remai...

Boosting is a kind of ensemble methods which produce a strong learner that is capable of making very accurate predictions by combining rough and moderately inaccurate learners (which are called as base learners or weak learners). In particular, Boosting sequentially trains a series of base learners by using a base learning algorithm, where the training examples wrongly predicted by a base learn...

We have previously found that the weak base 4-aminopyridine induces Brownian motion of acidic organelles around which vacuoles are formed, causing organelle traffic disorder in neurons. Our present study investigated the characteristics of vacuoles induced by weak bases (NH(4)Cl, aminopyridines, and chloroquine) using mouse cells. Individual vacuoles included acidic organelles identified by flu...

Switchable solvents are changing properties when exposed to an external stimulus. As example, for thermomorphic multiphasic system (TMS), temperature changes can induce phase separations. Aqueous systems presented here formulated with a carboxylic acid (weak acid) and amphiphilic tertiary amine base). They show thermo-switchable hydrophobicity after separation, the weak base mainly found in org...

In applying Donnan's theory of membrane equilibria to systems where the non-diffusible ion is furnished by a weak acid, base, or ampholyte, certain new relations have been derived. Equations have been deduced which give the ion ratio and the apparent osmotic pressure as functions of the concentration and ionization constant of the weak electrolyte, and of the hydrogen ion concentration in its s...