The relation between the mean state of the thermohaline circulation (THC) and its stability is examined using a realistic-geometry primitive equation coupled ocean–atmosphere–ice global general circulation model. The main finding is that a thermohaline circulation that is 25% weaker and less dominated by thermal forcing than that of today’s ocean is unstable within this coupled GCM. Unstable in...

We study bankruptcy games where the estate and the claims have stochastic values. We use the Weak Sequential Core as the solution concept for such games. We test the stability of a number of well known division rules in this stochastic setting and find that most of them are unstable, except for the Constrained Equal Awards rule, which is the only one belonging to the Weak Sequential Core.

Two dimensional hydrodynamical disks are nonlinearly unstable to the formation of vortices. Once formed, these vortices essentially survive forever. What happens in three dimensions? We show with pseudospectral simulations that in 3D a vortex in a short box forms and survives just as in 2D. But a vortex in a tall box is unstable and is destroyed. In our simulation, the unstable vortex decays in...

Purpose Early evidence suggests that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a sharp deterioration in fiscal accounts worldwide. This paper empirically assesses the impact of previous pandemics and epidemics. Design/methodology/approach Using large sample 170 countries from 2000 to 2018, this study relies on Jordà's (2005) local projection method trace pandemics' short- medium-term dynamic s...


 Purpose: Corruption has brought down countless civilizations, empires, governments, and regimes in human history. This phenomenon's duration is unknown. saboteurs are everywhere. They impede the administration from doing its job.
 Theoretical Framework: It allowed these corrupt categories to expand public sector after Iraq's recent events, especially 2003 salary shift. In their view...

recent reports have suggested that cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection may contribute to risk of cardiovascular disease. however, relationship between cmv infection and unstable angina (ua) is controversial and studies about this subject in iran and even region are lacking. the aim of this study was to determine whether unstable angina is related to seropositivity to chronic cytomegalovirus infecti...

We consider the family of long-wave unstable lubrication equations ht = −(hhxxx)x − (hhx)x with m ≥ 3. Given a fixed m ≥ 3, we prove the existence of a weak solution that becomes singular in finite time. Specifically, given compactly supported nonnegative initial data with negative energy, there is a time T∗ < ∞, determined by m and the H1 norm of the initial data, and a compactly supported non...

Common experience suggests that attracting invariant sets in nonlinear dynamical systems are generally stable. Contrary to this intuition, we present a dynamical system, a network of pulse-coupled oscillators, in which unstable attractors arise naturally. From random initial conditions, groups of synchronized oscillators (clusters) are formed that send pulses alternately, resulting in a periodi...