Continuous wave (CW) laser-induced temperature rise is studied in Raman spectra of nanocrystalline-silicon (nC-Si) films on quartz and sapphire substrates. The zone-center-phonon (ZCP) mode in the Raman spectra shows remarkably different frequencies in the thin films as the incident CW laser power density is increased (always kept lower than that used during annealing). For the films on the qua...

The phonon density-of-states ~DOS! of elemental vanadium was measured at elevated temperatures by inelastic neutron scattering. The phonon softening predicted by thermal expansion against the bulk modulus is much larger than the measured shifts in phonon energies. We conclude that the phonon anharmonicities associated with thermal expansion are largely canceled by effects from phonon-phonon sca...

A recently developed temperature-dependent effective potential method is employed to study the martensitic phase transformation in AuZn. This method is based on ab initio molecular dynamics and allows to obtain finite-temperature lattice vibrational properties. We show that the transversal acoustic TA2[110] mode associated with the phase transition is stabilized at 300 K. Temperature evolution ...

The weakening effect is one of the most important causes triggering large deformation and failure soft-rock engineering; however, few studies paid attention to damage evolution constitutive relationship rock in tensile excavation unloading water-weakening process, not mention coupling process water-weakening. In this paper, mechanism engineering characteristics softening water-softening water-r...

Pairwise forces between particles in cosmological N-body simulations are generally softened to avoid hard collisions. Physically, this softening corresponds to treating the particles as diffuse clouds rather than point masses. For particles of unequal mass (and hence unequal softening length), computing the softened force involves a nontrivial double integral over the volumes of the two particl...

In the Netherlands, central softening of drinking water is widely applied for reasons public health, client comfort, economic and environmental benefits. Currently, detrimental contributions softening, in particular use chemicals energy, are taken into account carbon footprint Dutch companies. The beneficial have, however, until now not been included footprint. Here, we present an attributional...

The well being of human depends on quality of drinking water. Consumption of water containing excess fluoride over a long period of time results in fluorosis. Ramaraju et al., (2000). Investigations of Wood, (1974) showed that, the intake of fluoride is permissible upto 0.5-1.0 mg/L which is beneficial to human health. The maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water in Indian...

Extreme pressure strongly affects the superconducting properties of "simple" elemental metals, such as Li, K, and Al. Pressure induces superconductivity in Li (as high as 17 K) while suppressing it in Al. We report first-principles investigations of the superconducting properties of dense Li, K, and Al based on a recently proposed, parameter-free, method. Our results show an unprecedented agree...

We report on Raman spectroscopy of few quintuple layer topological insulator bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) nanoplatelets (NPs), synthesized by a polyol method. The as-grown NPs exhibit excellent crystalline quality, hexagonal or truncated trigonal morphology, and uniformly flat surfaces down to a few quintuple layers. Both Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy for the first time resolve all fou...