Waterborne diseases represent a significant public health risk worldwide and can originate from contact with water contaminated with human fecal material. We describe a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method that targets a genetic marker of the human-associated Bacteroides dorei for identification of human fecal pollution in ambient water samples. The following protocol includes water sample ...

Remember to bring in your own drinking water sample to be tested for Fluoride. Ahead of the actual laboratory work, you need to sign-out from the stockroom a 500 mL plastic bottle in which to store your drinking water sample. Note valuable laboratory time can be saved if your group has read this experiment ahead of time. It is suggested that one of the partners start to dissolve the toothpaste ...

Urban water managers rely heavily on forecasts of water consumption to determine management decisions and investment choices. Typical forecasts rely on simple models whose criteria for selection has little to do with their performance in predicting out-ofsample consumption levels. We demonstrate this issue by comparing forecast models selected on the basis of their ability to perform well in-sa...

Introduction: The presence of subsurface water ice on Mars has now been recognized by several instruments, including in situ observation by the Phoenix Lander in high-latitude region [1]. This ice could represent a significant water reservoir and might participate actively in the global Mars water cycle [2]. Subsurface water ice is supposed to be buried below an ice-free regolith layer, produce...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the sulfur content of water and forage samples from a geographically diverse sample of beef cow-calf operations in the United States and to estimate frequency and distribution of premises where forage and water resources could result in consumption of hazardous amounts of sulfur by cattle. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SAMPLE POPULATION 709 forage samples from 678 beef ...

Lead, copper, cobalt, nickel, iron and zinc ions form monocitrate complexes (negative charge) in citrate solution which is absorbed on the citrate form of anion-exchange resins (citrate as counter ion) y exchange of citrate ion with citrate complexes. These are subsequently recovered from the resin by 0.5M ammonium citrate eluent at pH 2.0. Under optimized conditions, quantitative recovery ...

A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method has been developed for the quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water samples. Parameters such as sampling time, volume of water, volume of headspace, temperature, addition of salts, and agitation of the sample were studied. Because the time for reaching equilibrium between phases takes several hours or days, depending on the experime...

One of the most widely used techniques for water content determination in food is Karl Fischer (KF) titration. Compared to other methods based on loss of weight, the primary advantage of the Karl Fischer titration method is its high selectivity to water. The aim of the study was to develop and validate the Karl Fischer method for moisture determination in pollen loads, royal jelly, bee venom an...