A longstanding scientific enigma exists in oligotrophic subtropical waters: it appears that bacterial respiration contributes up to 90% of total community respiration even though the contribution of bacterial biomass to total biomass is much less. It has been suggested that experimental artifacts including pre-incubation filtration procedures, applied in order to separate bacteria from the rest...

Erosion and deposition during flow through porous media can lead to large erosive bursts that manifest as jumps in permeability and pressure loss. Here we reveal that the cause of these bursts is the reopening of clogged pores when the pressure difference between two opposite sites of the pore surpasses a certain threshold. We perform numerical simulations of flow through porous media and compa...

Requirements of a treatment process for drinking water production from challenged surface water sources shifted over the past decades. The role UV can play in an integrated treatment approach is illustrated by a case study discussing the various research results leading to treatment upgrades at Andijk. The paper describes the feasibility of advanced oxidation based on MP UV/ H2O2 treatment for ...

A mechanistic model was derived for direct flow microfiltration (MF), one which lends more insight into the factors that control MF performance compared to a statistical curve-fitting procedure that is often used to estimate chemical cleaning intervals at pilot-scale. This theoretical approach to MF fouling was based on fundamental feed water, membrane, and cake characteristics and was shown to...

Water treatment with metallic iron (Fe) is still based on the premise that Fe is a reducing agent. An alternative concept stipulates that contaminants are removed by adsorption, co-precipitation and size-exclusion in a reactive filtration process. This article underlines the universal validity of the alternative concept. It is shown that admixing non-expansive material to Fe as a pre-requisite ...

We assessed health risks related to Arsenic (As) in contaminated drinking water in Hanam, applying the Australian Environmental Health Risk Assessment Framework, which promotes stakeholder involvement in risk assessments. As concentrations in 300 tube-well water samples, before and after filtration, were analyzed and the water consumption levels in 150 households were estimated. Skin cancer ris...

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is a new method for water and wastewater treatment due to its ability to produce better and high-quality effluent that meets water quality regulations. MBR also is an advanced way to displace the conventional activated sludge (CAS) process. Even this membrane gives better performances compared to CAS, it does have few drawbacks such as high maintenance cost ...