This study reports on the effects of management style in successful implementation of Six Sigma. The authors collected data using a 18-item survey, classified managers from a wide range of industry, healthcare, military, and services into one of two management styles using Douglas McGregor’s Theory of X and Y, and compared these classifications among the survey respondents to determine the leve...

Number theory may be loosely defined as the study of the integers: in particular, the interaction between their additive and multiplicative structures. However, modern number theory is often described as the study of such objects as algebraic number fields and elliptic curves, which we have invented in order to answer elementary questions about the integers. Therefore, an argument can be made t...

Motivational concepts have been central to systematic psychological, behavioral, and social psychological theories over the past century (Berridge, 2004; Cofer & Appley, 1964; Higgins, 1997). Motivational theories have been highly diverse in their nature and focus, but for the most part they have been developed largely from psychological or behavioral data and concepts. This is true even for ho...

An understanding of how an athlete’s motivation is affected by coaching behaviours is vital information for a coach to acquire. This study examines the impact and need for a coach in optimising international athletes’ training and competition motivation within the framework of Cognitive Evaluation Theory. The participants were six long distance runners with international experience. Qualitative...

Numerous scholars and practitioners claim that motivational factors can facilitate successful knowledge sharing. However, little empirical research has been conducted examining the different kinds of motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) used to explain employee knowledge sharing behaviors. By integrating a motivational perspective into the theory of reasoned action (TRA), this study examines th...

Using self-determination theory, the authors tested a motivational model to explain the conditions under which rural students formulate their intentions to persist in, versus drop out of, high school. The model argues that motivational variables underlie students’ intentions to drop out and that students’ motivation can be either supported in the classroom by autonomy-supportive teachers or fru...

The Personality-enabled Architecture for Cognition (PAC) is a new modeling architecture designed to create Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) with personality traits and cultural characteristics. PAC integrates theory and empirical data from personality psychology, social psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience to build a model of personality that is based on fundamental underlying human...

This study was designed to verify whether an analogy to Herzberg’s hygiene-motivational theory about workplace could be used in the web environment. According to this analogy, the presence of hygiene factors would provide the basic functionality of a website, while their absence would create user dissatisfaction. Motivating factors are those that contribute to user satisfaction. They add additi...

College students in STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) disciplines are increasingly faced with highly competitive and demanding degree programs and are at risk of academic overconfidence. Following from theory and research highlighting the psychological and developmental risks of unrealistic expectations, the present exploratory study evaluated the longitudinal effects of a mo...