This article investigates the impact of European Central Bank policies on credits considering financial and banking fragmentation. Using data from past decade, we estimate SVAR models to analyze regional conventional unconventional measures price volume indicators The risk-taking channel is studied using GVAR document national consequences this We find that increase credit in peripheral countri...

This paper examines the effect of currency conversion programs from Swiss franc-denominated loans to other on risk for banks in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). franc mortgage proliferated CEE countries prior financial crisis contributed volume non-performing as strongly appreciated during post-crisis period. Empirical findings suggest that loan reduced mismatches francs but increased foreign ...

The devaluation of the Mexican peso of 1995 along with the more recent financial crises in emerging economies are viewed as systematic outcomes of the operation of free currency markets. The hypothesis is that there exists a distortion in free currency markets that makes developing countries systematically misallocate resources. The distortion lies in “asymmetric reputation” that leads to subst...

While invoicing currency has been extensively studied in open-economy macroeconomics, Dotsey and Duarte (2011) suggest that the currency denomination of exports does not matter because standard invoicing currency regimes such as producer currency pricing (PCP) and local currency pricing (LCP) generate similar aggregate responses. However, this paper demonstrates the importance of invoicing curr...

In this paper, we propose a system for the recognizing the paper currency. This is based on interesting features extractions like colors of paper currencies and correlation between images. Depending on the color of the currency is grouped into three groups-red, green and blue. In this system we are including the new currency notes of Rs.500 and Rs.2000.For Identifying the new currency we develo...

Abstract We extend the normalized approach to constructing profit bridges proffered in a recent paper examine impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations within multinational corporation. In doing so, we describe bridge that would measure corporate performance distinct from which business units, including metrics for volume, price, variable cost, offering mix, and changes.

Temzelides and Williamson present a model of private currency issuance to study the effect of clearing arrangements on the prices at which private currencies trade, on the volume of exchange, and on welfare. Their findings hinge on three factors: the location of the issuers relative to the area in which their currencies circulate, whether there is an arrangement for clearing nonlocally issued c...

A large collection of daily time series for 60 world currencies’ exchange rates is considered. The correlation matrices are calculated and the corresponding Minimal Spanning Tree (MST) graphs are constructed for each of those currencies used as reference for the remaining ones. It is shown that multiplicity of the MST graphs’ nodes to a good approximation develops a power like, scale free distr...

Firms sometimes write price lists or catalogs for their exports, so they set prices for a period of time and do not adjust prices during that interval in response to changes in their environment. The firm sets the price either in its own currency or the importer’s currency. This paper draws a simple link between the choice of currency and the pricing decision of a firm that changes prices in re...