BACKGROUND Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy is normally a bronchoscope-guided procedure. The insertion of a bronchoscope into an endotracheal tube (ETT) affects resistance, flow, and alveolar pressure. To improve airway management and ventilation during percutaneous tracheostomy, we developed a double lumen endotracheal tube (DLET). The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the linear c...

We read with great interest the article published by Chen et al. [1] regarding a systematic assessment of respiratory mechanics in patients with ARDS to determine ventilation parameters and the optimal mode. They used basic monitoring along with the placement of an esophageal balloon catheter to measure transpulmonary pressure. We believe that monitoring pulmonary mechanics may be useful, not o...

Part of the energy produced by the heartbeat is transferred to the lung and promotes intrapulmonary gas mixing. It is likely that this transmission in the form of local mechanical disturbances affects and reflects respiratory mechanics. The effects of the cardiogenic oscillations were studied in seven piglets during 7 h of monotonous mechanical ventilation. During the 1st h of ventilation, ever...

Obesity causes major alterations in pulmonary mechanics. Obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery present mechanical ventilation-related challenges that may lead to perioperative complications. Databases were systematically searched for clinical trials of ventilation maneuvers for obese patients and bariatric surgery. Thirteen randomized controlled trials were selected. The quality of the st...

RECOGNIZING THE NEED FOR MECHANICAL VENTILATORY SUPPORT Clinical Indications for Respiratory Failure Determining Effective Oxygenation and Ventilation GOALS OF NEWBORN AND PEDIATRIC VENTILATORY SUPPORT NONINVASIVE RESPIRATORY SUPPORT Noninvasive Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Neonates Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation in Neonates CPAP and BiPAP in Pediatric Patients CONVEN...

RATIONALE Prolonged controlled mechanical ventilation results in diaphragmatic inactivity and promotes oxidative injury, atrophy, and contractile dysfunction in this important inspiratory muscle. However, the impact of controlled mechanical ventilation on global mRNA alterations in the diaphragm remains unknown. OBJECTIVES In these experiments, we used an Affymetrix oligonucleotide array to i...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in airway pressure and arterial oxygenation between ventilation modes during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. METHODS We enrolled 27 patients for thoracic surgery with OLV in the lateral decubitus position. The subjects received various modes of ventilation in random sequences during surgery...

INTRODUCTION Dysregulation of coagulation and local fibrinolysis found in patients with acute lung injury often results in the need for the support of mechanical ventilation. High-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation can increase lung damage and suppression of fibrinolytic activity, but the mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that subcutaneous injections of unfractionated heparin and enoxapa...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome continues to be a high-mortality condition. The role of mechanical ventilation remains primarily a supportive modality. Recent research has elucidated the adverse impact of traditional ventilation strategies on development of the disease and, ultimately, mortality. The institution of low tidal volume ventilation has been the only intervention that has resulte...