Herpes simplex virus (HSV) latent infection of ganglion neurons follows axoplasmic transport of HSV, probably in the form of nucleocapsid from peripheral sites of infection (e.g. footpad). This raises the possibility that latency is dependent on this particular means of presenting HSV to ganglion neurons. To investigate this, we directly infected ganglia of mice with HSV and evaluated latency. ...

Infection of calves with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) results in transient immunosuppression that may lead to bacterium-induced pneumonia and, occasionally, death. Although sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) are the primary site of BHV-1 latency, viral genomes are detected in the tonsils of latently infected calves. Dexamethasone (DEX) consistently induces reactivation from latency,...

HSVs transit from vigorous replication at the portal of entry into the body to a latent state in sensory neurons in which only noncoding (e.g., latency-associated transcript) and micro-RNAs are expressed. In productive infection, viral genes must be sequentially derepressed at two checkpoints. A leading role in the repression of viral genes is carried out by histone deacetylase (HDAC)/corepress...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of the Herpesviridae family that infects individuals throughout the world. Following an initial lytic stage, HCMV can persist in the individual for life in a non-active (or latent) form. During latency, the virus resides within cells of the myeloid lineage. The mechanisms controlling HCMV latency are not completely understood. A latency associated transc...

UNLABELLED Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) resides latently in hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). During latency, only a subset of HCMV genes is transcribed, including one of the four virus-encoded G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), US28. Although US28 is a multifunctional lytic protein, its function during latency has remained undefined. We generated a panel of US28 recombinant viruses in t...

To study the roles of viral genes in the establishment and maintenance of herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency, we have developed a polymerase chain reaction assay that is both quantitative and sensitive. Using this assay, we analyzed the levels of viral DNA in trigeminal ganglia of mice inoculated corneally with HSV mutants that are defective for virus replication at one or more sites in mice an...

We previously demonstrated that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) preferentially establishes latent infection in monoclonal antibody (MAb) A5-positive ganglionic neurons and that a 2.8-kb portion of the HSV-1 genome, corresponding to the 5' end of the LAT (latency-associated transcript) coding region, is responsible for this phenotype (38, 65). In the current study we carried out further gene...

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) establish latent infections and are associated with various types of malignancies. They are members of the gamma-2 herpesvirus subfamily and encode a replication and transcriptional activator, RTA, which is necessary and sufficient to disrupt latency and initiate the viral lytic cycle in vitro. We have constructed a...