Because of the constant threat posed by emerging infectious diseases and the limitations of existing approaches used to identify new pathogens, there is a great demand for new technological methods for viral discovery. We describe herein a DNA microarray-based platform for novel virus identification and characterization. Central to this approach was a DNA microarray designed to detect a wide ra...

OBJECTIVES The emergence of oseltamivir-resistant viruses raised the global threat with regard to influenza virus infection. To develop alternative antiviral agents against influenza virus infection is significant and urgent. METHODS A neutralization test was applied as a screening assay and a plaque reduction assay was used for confirmation. Expression plasmids for viral ribonucleoproteins (...

Influenza viruses are a global health concern because of the permanent threat of novel emerging strains potentially capable of causing pandemics. Viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) containing genomic RNA segments, nucleoprotein oligomers, and the viral polymerase, play a central role in the viral replication cycle. Our knowledge about critical events such as vRNP assembly and interactions with ot...

Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is a self-limited, mild viral illness that poses little danger to children or adults. For the developing fetus, however, infection with rubella virus is a grave threat, capable of inducing severe anomalies and permanent disability. Despite widespread vaccination programs, populations of susceptible individuals persist, among them women...

Since the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan was identified in March 2003, viral respiratory infections, in particular the influenza virus, have become a national public health concern. Taiwan would face a serious threat of public health problems if another SARS epidemic overlapped with a flu outbreak. After SARS, the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control accelerated ...

Emergence and re-surgence of vector-borne diseases still constitute an important threat to human health in the 21st century, causing over a million death and considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. Vector-borne diseases are linked to the environment by the ecol‐ ogy of the vectors and of their hosts, including humans. In the recent decades, climate change is a global phenomenon which ha...

The viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are a growing public health threat in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Nearly all of them are of zoonotic origin. VHF often cause outbreaks with high fatalities and, except for yellow fever, currently there are no specific treatment or vaccination options available. In response to this growing threat, the Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean of the ...

background and aims: newcastle disease virus (ndv) is an avian paramyxovirus (a-pmv 1) and one of the major pathogens in poultries. vaccination is intended to control the disease, nevertheless this virus is a growing threat to the poultry industry. so, early detection of the virus can prevent the spread of illness and avoid huge economic losses. towards this goal, in this research, we developed...

Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) has emerged as the most important viral disease of cassava (Manihot esculenta) in Africa and is a major threat to food security. CBSD is caused by two distinct species of ipomoviruses, Cassava brown streak virus and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus, belonging to the family Potyviridae. Previously, CBSD was reported only from the coastal lowlands of East Afr...

Outbreaks from zoonotic sources represent a threat to both human disease as well as the global economy. Despite a wealth of metagenomics studies, methods to leverage these datasets to identify future threats are underdeveloped. In this study, we describe an approach that combines existing metagenomics data with reverse genetics to engineer reagents to evaluate emergence and pathogenic potential...