Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) increase the germination percentage and vigor of seeds, thus determining aspects for efficient production seedlings prompt establishment crops in field. In this study, effect biopriming was evaluated: Bacillus cereus (KBEndo4P6), Acinetobacter radioresistens (KBEndo3P1), Pseudomonas paralactis (KBEndo6P7), Sinorhizobium meliloti (KBEkto9P6) on some pa...

Seed vigor is a complex property that determines the seed's potential for rapid uniform emergence and subsequent growth. However, the mechanism for change in seed vigor is poorly understood. The seeds of poplar (Populus × Canadensis Moench), which are short-lived, were stored at 30 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity for different periods of time (0-90 days) to obtain different vigor seeds (from 9...

While often used in everyday exchanges, feeling vigorous at work, that is individuals’ feelings that they have physical strength, emotional energy, and cognitive liveliness, has hardly been subjected to any conceptual inquiry or empirical research. In this chapter, I pursue the following objectives: (a) to review the range of behavioral science literature in which vigor has been considered as a...

When I was president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, I came to believe that the future success of humanity may depend on learning to use the tools of science—including the collection of objective evidence on what works and why—at all levels of decision-making. Thus, the National Academies have repeatedly addressed questions such as “How can we make a science out of education?” or “How...

This research was conducted to assessment effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite along several times on quantitative parameters of wheat seeds affected by Aspergillus flavus fungus via factorial experiment according randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments consisted four concentrations of sodium hypochlorite or NaClO (C1= 2%, C2= 4%, C3= 6%, and...

Although studies on employee recovery accumulate at a stunning pace, the commonly used theory (Effort-Recovery model) that explains how recovery occurs has not been explicitly tested. We aimed to unravel the recovery process by examining whether off-job activities enhance next morning vigor to the extent that they enable employees to relax and detach from work. In addition, we investigated whet...

All organisms in nature interact and compete with each other. Various groups of such as algae, lichens, crops weeds have been found allelopathic interaction it is known that lichens many potent secondary metabolites. The aim this study was to determine the effects lyophilized ethanolic extract Xanthoparmelia somloensis (Gyelnik) Hale lichen (XS) on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) germinatio...

When rewards are available, people expend more energy, increasing their motivational vigor. In theory, incentives might drive behavior for two distinct reasons: First, they increase expected reward; second, they increase the difference in subjective value between successful and unsuccessful performance, which increases contingency-the degree to which action determines outcome. Previous studies ...