Under the guise of an experiment on the perception of emotional cues, 72 undergraduate female Ss observed a peer (victim) participating in a pairedassociate learning task. The victim, as a result of making the usual errors, appeared to receive severe and painful electric shocks (negative reinforcement). In describing the suffering victim after these observations, Ss rejected and devalued her wh...

Despite its essential role in human coexistence, the developmental origins and progression of sympathy in infancy are not yet fully understood. We show that preverbal 10-month-olds manifest sympathetic responses, evinced in their preference for attacked others according to their evaluations of the respective roles of victim, aggressor, and neutral party. In Experiment 1, infants viewing an aggr...

The purpose of the present study was to compare incest offenders (IOs) whose victims include infants or toddlers to IOs with adolescent victims on several variables commonly examined in the sexual offender literature. Participants were 48 men whose youngest victim was less than 6 years of age (younger-victim incest offenders; YVs); and 71 men whose youngest victim was 12 to 16 years of age (old...

Previous research into rape victim blaming has often neglected to assess attitudes toward male victims. The present study was designed to redress this imbalance and specifically, investigate the role of homophobic attitudes in male rape victim perception. Men and women read a vignette describing an incident of rape and answered two questionnaires that assessed firstly, homophobic attitudes towa...

We investigated effects of defendant race, victim race, and juror gender on public perceptions of a juvenile sex offense. We predicted that participants, particularly men, would support registering a juvenile defendant as a sex offender more when he was Black than White and that participants, particularly women, would support registering the defendant more when the female crime victim was portr...

According to the Sensitivity-to-mean-intentions model, dispositional victim sensitivity involves a suspicious mindset that is activated by situational cues and guides subsequent information processing and behavior like a schema. Study 1 tested whether victim-sensitive persons are more prone to form expectancies of injustice in ambiguous situations and whether these expectancies mediate the rela...

On the face of it, you are only morally responsible for what you cause. Ceteris paribus, if you cause a particularly bad outcome, generally you are morally responsible for it; and if you cause only part of that bad outcome, you are only responsible for the part that you cause. But consider the following pair of cases: (Victim) Two independently employed assassins, unaware of each other, are dis...

The "second victim" phenomenon--when a healthcare provider experiences adverse events because of the adverse events of a patient--is not well known or understood among healthcare professionals, including Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs). No published research is currently available on the impact of second victim specifically in CRNAs, but it is known that second victim poses majo...

Memory bandwidth is a limiting factor with many modern microprocessors and it is usual to include a cache to reduce the amount of memory traffic.Of the two commonly used cache write-policies, the copy-back approach is better than the write-through approach in this respect. The performance of both approaches can be further aided by the inclusion of a small buffer in the path of outgoing writes t...