UNLABELLED The infraclavicular brachial plexus block first described by Raj et al. was supposed to anesthetize all the main peripheral nerves of the brachial plexus without the risk of pneumothorax. However, in performing the block, we have had difficulties finding the nerves at the cord level. Therefore, we questioned whether the recommended needle direction (the "Raj line") guides the needle ...

The occurrence of relatively soft continuous murmurs of the venous hum type in supradiaphragmatic forms of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage is well recognized (Keith et al., 1954; Keith, Rowe, and Vlad, 1958). Loud continuous murmurs occur at times but are considerably less common (McKusick, 1958). This paper describes two cases of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in which lou...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the minimum effective volume of lidocaine 1.5% with epinephrine 5 μg/mL in 90% of patients (MEV(90)) for single-injection ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block (ICB). METHODS Using an in-plane technique, a single-injection ultrasound-guided ICB was performed: a 17-gauge, 8-cm Tuohy needle was advanced until the tip was located dorsal to the ...

When ultrasound (US) is used in peripheric nerve blocks, successful nerve blocks can be performed even if nerve stimulation is not possible. In this case report, we present a 37-year-old male patient, ASA physical status I, undergoing debridement and grafting for incomplete arm whose upper extremity (forearm) was amputated due to electric shock; motor response to nerve stimulation was not possi...

515 Received: May 19, 2009. Revised: May 28, 2009. Accepted: June 8, 2009. Corresponding author: Jeong Uk Han, M.D., Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University Hospital, 7-206, Sinheung-dong 3ga, Jung-gu, Incheon 400-711, Korea. Tel: 82-32-890-3968, Fax: 82-32-8812477, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright c Korean Society of Anesthesiologists, 2009 cc This is an open-access a...

Horner's syndrome results from paralysis of the ipsilateral sympathetic cervical chain (stellate ganglion) caused by surgery, drugs (mainly high concentrations of local anesthetics), local compression (hematoma or tumor), or inadequate perioperative positioning of the patient. It occurs in 100% of the patients with an interscalene block of the brachial plexus and can also occur in patients with...